Proteomics has become a powerful tool to characterize biodiversity and natural variability in plant species, as well as to catalogue and establish phylogenetic relationships and distances among populations, provenances or ecotypes. In this chapter, we describe the standard proteomics workflow that we currently use in cataloguing Holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota [Desf.] Samp.) populations. Proteins are extracted from acorn flour or pollen by TCA/acetone or TCA/acetone-phenol methods, resolved by one- or two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and gel images are captured and analyzed by appropriate software and statistical packages. Quantitative or qualitative variable bands or spots are subjected to MS analysis in order to identify them and correlate differences in the protein profile with the phenotypes or environmental conditions.
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Article Synopsis
- DNA methylation plays a crucial role in plant growth and adaptability, yet it is under-researched in holm oak and other non-domesticated forest trees.
- The study identified 13 DNA methyltransferase and 3 demethylase genes, with varying expression levels across different plant organs and developmental stages, showing that adult leaves have higher global DNA methylation levels.
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