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Sulfide-rich continental roots at cratonic margins formed by carbonated melts.
Nature
January 2025
School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.
The cratonic crust contains abundant mineral deposits of metals such as gold, copper and rare earths and is underlain by a thick mantle lithosphere rich in the volatiles carbon, sulfur and water. Although volatiles are known to be key components in metallogenesis, how and where they are distributed in the cratonic lithosphere mantle and their role in the initial enrichment of metals have not been sufficiently explored. Here we compile sulfur and copper contents of global cratonic peridotites, identifying sulfide-rich and copper-rich continental roots at depths of 160-190 km at cratonic margins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune-mediated diseases are common in humans. The immune system is a complex host defense system that evolved to protect us from pathogens, but also plays an important role in homeostatic processes, removing dead or senescent cells, and participating in tumor surveillance. The human immune system has two arms: the older innate immune system, and the newer adaptive immune system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Use in Pediatric Trauma: A Report From the National Trauma Data Bank.
J Pediatr Surg
December 2024
Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address:
Introduction: Indications for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in pediatric trauma continue to evolve. This study evaluates trends and practices in ECMO use for injured children and identifies factors associated with mortality using the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB).
Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of children ≤18 years who underwent ECMO therapy following trauma, recorded in the NTDB from 2007 to 2018.
Isles of autonomy: the rise of intelligent technologies.
Ergonomics
January 2025
Department of Psychology, and Institute for Simulation and Training, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
A critical metaphor for the development, implementation and penetration of autonomous machine systems into the world of human work is presented. Most especially, the ' concept is articulated which argues that the expropriation of human pre-eminence will be marked by a series of threshold events, some of which are, even now becoming evident. In particular, it indicates that there will be a watershed event in which differing and distinct expressions of applied autonomous systems will spontaneously coalesce to produce an emergent, general artificial intelligence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA comparative approach to the microstructure in the carpus and tarsus in anurans.
Dev Growth Differ
January 2025
Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA (IBIGEO), CCT CONICET Salta-Jujuy, Rosario de Lerma, Argentina.
Despite the significant literature about morphological features of limb skeletons involved in tetrapod limb evolution, some questions about carpal and tarsal elements remain. In anurans, the ecomorphological and biomechanical approaches studied long hind limbs (to jump) and forelimbs (to land) and emphasized the role of the long bones in locomotion but disregarded what happens with the nodular elements of the carpus and tarsus. Here, we present a comparative study of nodular elements of the carpus and tarsus in anurans based on whole-mount specimens stained with Alcian Blue (cartilage) and Alizarin Red S (bone and calcified cartilage).
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