Histone H1 variants play key roles in the regulation of higher-order chromatin structure and have been implicated in numerous developmental processes. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Pérez-Montero et al. (2013) present evidence that the Drosophila histone H1 variant dBigH1 prevents premature activation of the zygotic genome during early embryogenesis.
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Genome organization recapitulates function, yet ciliates like possess highly-specialized germline genomes, which are largely transcriptionally silent. During post-zygotic development, 's germline undergoes large-scale genome editing, rearranging precursor genome elements into a transcriptionally-active genome with thousands of gene-sized nanochromosomes. Transgenerationally-inherited RNAs, derived from the parental somatic genome, program the retention and reordering of germline fragments.
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ERK activity oscillates between sustained activation during oocyte formation and transient inactivation during oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryogenesis. Consequences of ectopic ERK activity upon oocyte maturation and in early embryogenesis are unknown. We show, in Caenorhabditis elegans, that ectopic ERK activity upon oocyte maturation (metaphase I oocytes) results in embryos with abnormalities in nuclear divisions leading to embryonic death.
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