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Salinity-induced regulation of the myo-inositol biosynthesis pathway in tilapia gill epithelium. | LitMetric

Salinity-induced regulation of the myo-inositol biosynthesis pathway in tilapia gill epithelium.

J Exp Biol

Physiological Genomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

Published: December 2013

AI Article Synopsis

  • The myo-inositol biosynthesis (MIB) pathway helps cells cope with osmotic stress by converting glucose-6-phosphate into myo-inositol, and key enzymes involved in this process were identified in tilapia gills.
  • Proteomic analysis shows that the enzymes myo-inositol phosphate synthase (MIPS) and inositol monophosphatase 1 (IMPA1) are significantly upregulated during salinity stress, with IMPA1 showing a stronger response than MIPS.
  • The study reveals that MIPS is more stable due to its N-terminal acetylation and indicates that MIB pathway regulation occurs at various levels in euryhaline fish like tilapia but is

Article Abstract

The myo-inositol biosynthesis (MIB) pathway converts glucose-6-phosphate to the compatible osmolyte myo-inositol that protects cells from osmotic stress. Using proteomics, the enzymes that constitute the MIB pathway, myo-inositol phosphate synthase (MIPS) and inositol monophosphatase 1 (IMPA1), are identified in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) gill epithelium. Targeted, quantitative, label-free proteomics reveals that they are both upregulated during salinity stress. Upregulation is stronger when fish are exposed to severe (34 ppt acute and 90 ppt gradual) relative to moderate (70 ppt gradual) salinity stress. IMPA1 always responds more strongly than MIPS, suggesting that MIPS is more stable during salinity stress. MIPS is N-terminally acetylated and the corresponding peptide increases proportionally to MIPS protein, while non-acetylated N-terminal peptide is not detectable, indicating that MIPS acetylation is constitutive and may serve to stabilize the protein. Hyperosmotic induction of MIPS and IMPA1 is confirmed using western blot and real-time qPCR and is much higher at the mRNA than at the protein level. Two distinct MIPS mRNA variants are expressed in the gill, but one is more strongly regulated by salinity than the other. A single MIPS gene is encoded in the tilapia genome whereas the zebrafish genome lacks MIPS entirely. The genome of euryhaline tilapia contains four IMPA genes, two of which are expressed, but only one is salinity regulated in gill epithelium. The genome of stenohaline zebrafish contains a single IMPA gene. We conclude that the MIB pathway represents a major salinity stress coping mechanism that is regulated at multiple levels in euryhaline fish but absent in stenohaline zebrafish.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3851148PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.093823DOI Listing

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