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Light-Controlled Secretion and Injection of Proteins into Eukaryotic Cells by Optogenetic Control of the Bacterial Type III Secretion System.
Methods Mol Biol
December 2024
Department of Ecophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany.
Gram-negative bacteria can use the type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject effector proteins into eukaryotic target cells. In this chapter, we describe the application of a light-controlled T3SS, based on the targeted sequestration of an essential dynamic T3SS component with the help of optogenetic interaction switches. This method enables to control the secretion or injection into eukaryotic cells for a wide range of protein cargos with high temporal and spatial precision.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn expert consensus statement on biomarkers of ageing for use in intervention studies.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
December 2024
Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
Biomarkers of ageing serve as important outcome measures in longevity-promoting interventions. However, there is limited consensus on which specific biomarkers are most appropriate for human intervention studies. This work aimed to address this need by establishing an expert consensus on biomarkers of ageing for use in intervention studies via the Delphi method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-throughput mesoscopic optical imaging data processing and parsing using differential-guided filtered neural networks.
Brain Inform
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China.
High-throughput mesoscopic optical imaging technology has tremendously boosted the efficiency of procuring massive mesoscopic datasets from mouse brains. Constrained by the imaging field of view, the image strips obtained by such technologies typically require further processing, such as cross-sectional stitching, artifact removal, and signal area cropping, to meet the requirements of subsequent analyse. However, obtaining a batch of raw array mouse brain data at a resolution of can reach 220TB, and the cropping of the outer contour areas in the disjointed processing still relies on manual visual observation, which consumes substantial computational resources and labor costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmpirical methods that provide physical descriptions of dynamic cellular processes.
Biophys J
December 2024
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany; Center for Systems Biology Dresden (CSBD), Dresden, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany. Electronic address:
We review empirical methods that can be used to provide physical descriptions of dynamic cellular processes during development and disease. Our focus will be nonspatial descriptions and the inference of underlying interaction networks including cell-state lineages, gene regulatory networks, and molecular interactions in living cells. Our overarching questions are: How much can we learn from just observing? To what degree is it possible to infer causal and/or precise mathematical relationships from observations? We restrict ourselves to data sets arising from only observations, or experiments in which minimal perturbations have taken place to facilitate observation of the systems as they naturally occur.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne of the most extensive forms of natural genome editing occurs in ciliates, a group of microbial eukaryotes. Ciliate germline and somatic genomes are contained in distinct nuclei within the same cell. During the massive reorganization process of somatic genome development, ciliates eliminate tens of thousands of DNA sequences from a germline genome copy.
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