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Evidence of local persistence of human anthrax in the country of georgia associated with environmental and anthropogenic factors. | LitMetric

Evidence of local persistence of human anthrax in the country of georgia associated with environmental and anthropogenic factors.

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America ; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.

Published: March 2014

AI Article Synopsis

  • Anthrax, caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, is increasing in Georgia, highlighting the need to identify high-risk areas for more targeted health interventions.
  • A study used GIS to map human cutaneous anthrax cases from 2000-2009, revealing persistent clusters mainly in the southeastern region, linked to factors like soil pH and urbanization.
  • Findings emphasize the ongoing threat of anthrax in Georgia, suggesting that local public health strategies, such as educating farmers and vaccinating livestock, could help control the disease.

Article Abstract

Background: Anthrax is a soil-borne disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis and is considered a neglected zoonosis. In the country of Georgia, recent reports have indicated an increase in the incidence of human anthrax. Identifying sub-national areas of increased risk may help direct appropriate public health control measures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of human anthrax and identify environmental/anthropogenic factors associated with persistent clusters.

Methods/findings: A database of human cutaneous anthrax in Georgia during the period 2000-2009 was constructed using a geographic information system (GIS) with case data recorded to the community location. The spatial scan statistic was used to identify persistence of human cutaneous anthrax. Risk factors related to clusters of persistence were modeled using a multivariate logistic regression. Areas of persistence were identified in the southeastern part of the country. Results indicated that the persistence of human cutaneous anthrax showed a strong positive association with soil pH and urban areas.

Conclusions/significance: Anthrax represents a persistent threat to public and veterinary health in Georgia. The findings here showed that the local level heterogeneity in the persistence of human cutaneous anthrax necessitates directed interventions to mitigate the disease. High risk areas identified in this study can be targeted for public health control measures such as farmer education and livestock vaccination campaigns.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3764226PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002388DOI Listing

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