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Calcium-energized motor protein forisome controls damage in phloem: potential applications as biomimetic "smart" material. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Forisomes are specialized proteins found in the phloem of plants from the Fabaceae family that help seal off wounds to prevent the loss of essential nutrients.
  • - These proteins are being researched for their self-assembly properties, which could lead to advancements in nanotechnology and microinstruments used in space exploration.
  • - Forisomes are considered "smart" materials that can be genetically engineered, unlike many other non-plant-based materials, and their functionality is influenced by factors like calcium ions and pH levels.

Article Abstract

Forisomes are ATP independent, mechanically active proteins from the Fabaceae family (also called Leguminosae). These proteins are located in sieve tubes of phloem and function to prevent loss of nutrient-rich photoassimilates, upon mechanical injury/wounding. Forisomes are SEO (sieve element occlusion) gene family proteins that have recently been shown to be involved in wound sealing mechanism. Recent findings suggest that forisomes could act as an ideal model to study self assembly mechanism for the development of nanotechnological devices like microinstruments, the microfluidic system frequently used in space exploration missions. Technology enabling improvement in micro instruments has been identified as a key technology by NASA in future space exploration missions. Forisomes are designated as biomimetic smart materials which are calcium-energized motor proteins. Since forisomes are biomolecules from plant systems it can be doctored through genetic engineering. In contrast, "smart" materials which are not derived from plants are difficult to modify in their properties. Current levels of understanding about forisomes conformational shifts with respect to calcium ions and pH changes requires supplement of future advances with relation to its 3D structure to understand self assembly processes. In plant systems it forms blood clots in the form of occlusions to prevent nutrient fluid leakage and thus proves to be a unique damage control system of phloem tissue.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2013.823598DOI Listing

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