Objective: Screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in high-risk patients is a legislative mandate in 9 US states and has been adopted by many hospitals. Definitions of high risk differ among hospitals and state laws. A systematic evaluation of factors associated with colonization is lacking. We performed a systematic review of the literature to assess factors associated with MRSA colonization at hospital admission.
Design: We searched MEDLINE from 1966 to 2012 for articles comparing MRSA colonized and noncolonized patients on hospital or intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Data were extracted using a standardized instrument. Meta-analyses were performed to identify factors associated with MRSA colonization.
Results: We reviewed 4,381 abstracts; 29 articles met inclusion criteria (n = 76,913 patients). MRSA colonization at hospital admission was associated with recent prior hospitalization (odds ratio [OR], 2.4 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3-4.7]; P < .01), nursing home exposure (OR, 3.8 [95% CI, 2.3-6.3]; P < .01), and history of exposure to healthcare-associated pathogens (MRSA carriage: OR, 8.0 [95% CI, 4.2-15.1]; Clostridium difficile infection: OR, 3.4 [95% CI, 2.2-5.3]; vancomycin-resistant Enterococci carriage: OR, 3.1 [95% CI, 2.5-4.0]; P < .01 for all). Select comorbidities were associated with MRSA colonization (congestive heart failure, diabetes, pulmonary disease, immunosuppression, and renal failure; P < .01 for all), while others were not (human immunodeficiency virus, cirrhosis, and malignancy). ICU admission was not associated with an increased risk of MRSA colonization (OR, 1.1 [95% CI, 0.6-1.8]; P = .87).
Conclusions: MRSA colonization on hospital admission was associated with healthcare contact, previous healthcare-associated pathogens, and select comorbid conditions. ICU admission was not associated with MRSA colonization, although this is commonly used in state mandates for MRSA screening. Infection prevention programs utilizing targeted MRSA screening may consider our results to define patients likely to have MRSA colonization.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3883507 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/673157 | DOI Listing |
Antibiotics (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Dermatovenerology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
: Chronic wounds, including hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and venous ulcers (VU), are commonly associated with complex microbial communities that may influence wound healing and treatment outcomes. Understanding microbial diversity and antibiotic resistance patterns is essential in order to optimize therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to investigate the microbial populations and antibiotic resistance profiles in HS and VU patients, comparing the prevalence of common pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance profiles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomarkers
January 2025
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Division of Emergency Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
Background: Testing for (SA) colonization in emergency department (ED) patients may guide prevention strategies against hospital acquired infections (HAI). This study determined the prevalence of SA carriers in a general ED population, characterized the population, and identified predictors for SA colonization.
Methods: A prospective monocentric observational cohort study in a tertiary care hospital collected nasopharyngeal swabs in 1,000 adult patients.
Int J Surg Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Orthopaedic Division, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman.
Introduction And Importance: Septic arthritis of the pubic symphysis is a rare postpartum infection characterized by severe pelvic pain, fever, and elevated inflammatory markers. It is often underdiagnosed due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms. It is commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) septic being a rare but concerning pathogen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAC Antimicrob Resist
February 2025
Department of Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is caused by the use and misuse of antibiotics. AMR is a global health concern, to which penicillin allergy (penA) labels appear to contribute. Patients who have penA labels are treated with non-penicillin antibiotics and receive more antibiotics when compared with patients without penA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiofilm
December 2024
Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Biodegradable polymeric coatings are being explored as a preventive strategy for orthopaedic device-related infection. In this study, titanium surfaces (Ti) were coated with poly-D,L-lactide (PDLLA, (P)), polyethylene-glycol poly-D,L-lactide PEGylated-PDLLA, (PP20)), or multi-layered PEGylated-PDLLA (M), with or without 1 % silver sulfadiazine. The aim was to evaluate their cytocompatibility, resistance to biofilm formation, and their potential to enhance the susceptibility of any biofilm formed to antibiotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!