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Lesion Topography and Clinical Features Associated With Respiratory Failure in Patients With Medullary Infarction.
Brain Behav
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Background: Respirator failure (RF) is a severe malignant complication in both lateral medullary infarction (LMI) and medial medullary infarction (MMI) patients. However, the differences in clinical and radiological manifestations associated with RF between patients with LMI and MMI have not been fully elucidated.
Methods: A total of 435 consecutive patients with MI within 7 days of onset in our institute were retrospectively enrolled from January 2017 to January 2024.
The role of the dorsomedial hypothalamus in the cardiogenic sympathetic reflex in the Sprague Dawley rat.
Front Physiol
December 2024
Biomedical Science Department, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.
Myocardial ischemia causes the production and release of metabolites such as bradykinin, which stimulates cardiac spinal sensory afferents, causing chest pain and an increase in sympathetic activity referred to as the cardiogenic sympathetic afferent reflex. While the brain stem nuclei, such as the nucleus tractus solitarius and rostral ventrolateral medulla, are essential in the cardiogenic sympathetic afferent reflex, the role of other supramedullary nuclei in the cardiogenic sympathetic afferent reflex are not clear. The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH) is involved in cardiovascular sympathetic regulation and plays an important role in the sympathetic response to stressful stimuli.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrainstem C1 neurons mediate heart failure decompensation and mortality during acute salt loading.
Cardiovasc Res
December 2024
Laboratory of Cardiorespiratory Control, Department of Physiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago 8331150, Chile.
Aims: Heart failure (HF) is an emerging epidemic worldwide. Despite advances in treatment, the morbidity and mortality rate of HF remain high, and the global prevalence continues to rise. Common clinical features of HF include cardiac sympathoexcitation, disordered breathing, and kidney dysfunction; kidney dysfunction strongly contributes to sodium retention and fluid overload, leading to poor outcomes of HF patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew Findings in Developmental Studies of Laryngeal Mound With a Reference to Its Attached Structures in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica).
Microsc Res Tech
January 2025
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
The laryngeal mound (LM) formed the caudal part of the pharyngeal floor, which varied in position, shape, and length at different ages. This work aimed to study the morphogenesis of the LM in the embryonic and post hatching periods grossly, histologically, and by scanning electron microscopy using forty-eight Japanese quails. The LM primordia appeared on the 8th day of incubation as a raised elevation carried on a deep median symmetrical sulcus (glottis primordium).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigation of Gray Matter Changes Using Voxel-Based Morphometry in HIV-Negative Patients with General Paresis of the Insane.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Article Synopsis
- The study aims to examine changes in whole-brain gray matter volume (GMV) in HIV-negative patients with general paresis of the insane (GPI) using a method called voxel-based morphometry (VBM).
- Eighteen GPI patients were compared to 24 healthy individuals, revealing significant decreases in GMV across multiple brain regions in the GPI group, alongside increases in areas like the basal ganglia and hippocampus.
- Results indicated that specific GMV changes correlated negatively with cognitive test scores, suggesting that VBM could be a useful tool for diagnosing GPI based on brain structure.
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