The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced in the United States in 2010 for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and otitis media. While many studies have reported its potential efficacy for IPD, not much is known about the epidemiology of noninvasive disease following its introduction. We characterized the capsular types and surface protein genes of noninvasive pediatric pneumococcal isolates collected between 2002 and 2010 (n = 1,058) at Children's of Alabama following the introduction of PCV7 and tested a subset of noninvasive and previously characterized IPD isolates for the presence of the pspA, pspC, and rrgC genes, which encode protection-eliciting proteins. PCV7 serotypes had dramatically decreased by 2010 (P < 0.0001), and only 50% of all noninvasive infections were caused by the PCV13 capsular serotypes. Serotype 19A accounted for 32% of the noninvasive isolates, followed by serotypes 35B (9%), 19F (7%), and 6C (6%). After 7 years of PCV7 usage, there were no changes in the frequencies of the pspA or pspC genes; 96% of the strains were positive for family 1 or 2 pspA genes, and 81% were also positive for pspC. Unexpectedly, more noninvasive than invasive strains were positive for rrgC (P < 0.0001), and the proportion of rrgC-positive strains in 2008 to 2010 was greater than that in 2002 to 2008 (IPD, P < 0.02; noninvasive, P < 0.001). Serotypes 19F, 19A, and 35B were more frequently rrgC positive (P < 0.005) than other serotypes. A vaccine containing antigens, such as PspA, PspC, and/or RrgC, can provide coverage against most non-PCV13-type pneumococci. Continued surveillance is critical for optimal future vaccine development.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3837785PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00381-13DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

pspa pspc
12
surface protein
8
conjugate vaccine
8
strains positive
8
noninvasive
7
serotypes
5
invasive noninvasive
4
noninvasive streptococcus
4
streptococcus pneumoniae
4
pneumoniae capsule
4

Similar Publications

Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen that can colonize the respiratory tract of healthy individuals. The respiratory tract mucosa is thus the first barrier for this pathogen. In this study, we have tested three models of the respiratory epithelium with immune cells: (i) monolayer of A549 human lung epithelial cells, (ii) A549 + macrophages differentiated from the human monocytic THP-1 cell line (dMφ) and (iii) A549 + dMφ + dendritic cells differentiated from THP-1 (dDC) using a two-chamber system.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Streptococcus pneumoniae colonizes the human nasopharynx asymptomatically, but it can also cause several diseases, including otitis media, pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis. The colonization of the nasopharynx by the bacteria is an essential step for the pneumococcus to invade other sites and cause diseases. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) and Pneumococcal surface Protein C (PspC) are important virulence factors and have been described to play roles in adhesion and immune evasion.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

is a Gram-positive opportunistic pathogen that can colonize the upper respiratory tract. It is a leading cause of a wide range of infectious diseases, including community-acquired pneumonia and meningitis. Pneumococcal infections cause 1-2 million deaths per year, most of which occur in developing countries.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A subunit vaccine against pneumonia: targeting S and .

Netw Model Anal Health Inform Bioinform

April 2023

Bioinformatics and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408 Bangladesh.

Unlabelled: Community-acquired pneumonia is primarily caused by and , two pathogens that have high morbidity and mortality rates. This is largely due to bacterial resistance development against current antibiotics and the lack of effective vaccines. The objective of this work was to develop an immunogenic multi-epitope subunit vaccine capable of eliciting a robust immune response against and .

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A from carriers and invasive disease: virulence gene profile and pathogenicity in a Galleria mellonella model.

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

April 2023

Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brasil.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the presence of genes related to surface proteins between isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from healthy carriers (HC) and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) with a particular focus on serotype 19A.

Methods: The presence of these genes was identified by real-time PCR. Subsequently, we employed the Galleria mellonella larval infection model to study their effect on pathogenicity in vivo.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!