A heptanuclear cobalt cluster was synthesized in two different oxidation states, Co(II)7 and a mixed valence Co(III)Co(II)6, as a soluble model of a cobalt-phosphate/borate (Co-OEC) water splitting catalyst. Crystallographic characterization indicates similar cluster cores, distinguished primarily at the central Co atom. An anion associates to the cluster cores via hydrogen bonding. Using an isotope exchange method, an anomalously slow self-exchange electron transfer rate constant (k(obs) = 1.53 × 10(-3) M(-1) s(-1) at 40 °C and 38 mM [OTf] in MeCN), as compared to that predicted from semiclassical Marcus theory, supports a charge transfer process that is accelerated by dissociation of the anion from the oxidized cluster. This mechanism sheds light on the inverse dependence of anions in the self-repair mechanism of Co-OECs. Moreover, because H2O cannot directly bridge cobalt centers, owing to the encapsulation of the central Co within the cluster core, the observed results address a long-standing controversy surrounding the Co(2+/3+) self-exchange electron transfer reaction of the hexaaqua complex.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja404469y | DOI Listing |
Dalton Trans
November 2024
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Copper complexes of tripodal ligands have been used as model systems for electron transfer proteins for decades, displaying a broad range of electron self-exchange rates. We herein report a group of six tripodal tetradentate triarylamine ligands which display a varying number of guanidine and 2-methylquinolinyl moieties. Their corresponding Cu(I) complexes have been (re)synthesized and studied with regard to their electron transfer properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
December 2024
Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.
Redox hopping is the primary method of electron transport through redox-active metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). While redox hopping adequately supports the electrocatalytic application of MOFs, the fundamental understandings guiding the design of redox hopping MOFs remain nascent. In this study, we probe the rate of electron and hole transport through a singular MOF scaffold to determine whether the properties of the MOF promote the transport of one carrier over the other.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
October 2024
Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
ConspectusRedox-conductive metal-organic frameworks (RC-MOFs) are a class of porous materials that exhibit electrical conductivity through a chain of self-exchange reactions between molecularly defined, neighboring redox-active units of differing oxidation states. To maintain electroneutrality, this electron hopping transport is coupled to the translocation of charge balancing counterions. Owing to the molecular nature of the redox active components, RC-MOFs have received increasing attention for potential applications in energy storage, electrocatalysis, reconfigurable electronics, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDalton Trans
July 2024
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
In a previous study, we showed that the properties and the ability as an entatic state model of copper guanidine quinoline complexes are significantly influenced by a methyl or methyl ester substituent in the 2-position. To prove the importance of the 2-position of the substituent, two novel guanidine quinoline ligands with a methyl or methyl ester substituent in the 4-position and the corresponding copper complexes were synthesized and characterized in this study. The influence of the substituent position on the copper complexes was investigated with various experimental and theoretical methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
June 2024
Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.
Soluble redox-active polymers (RAPs) enable size-exclusion nonaqueous redox flow batteries (NaRFBs) which promise high energy density. Pendants along the RAPs not only store charge but also engage in electron transfer to varying extents based on their designs. Here, we explore these phenomena in Metal-containing Redox Active Polymers (M-RAPs, M = Ru, Fe, Co).
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