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Contrasting Responses of Smoke Dispersion and Fire Emissions to Aerosol-Radiation Interaction during the Largest Australian Wildfires in 2019-2020.
Environ Sci Technol
January 2025
Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
The record-breaking 2019-2020 Australian wildfires have been primarily linked to climate change and its internal variability. However, the meteorological feedback mechanisms affecting smoke dispersion and wildfire emissions on a synoptic scale remain unclear. This study focused on the largest wildfires occurring between December 25, 2019 and January 10, 2020, under the enhanced subtropical high, when the double peak in wildfire evolution was favored by sustained low humidity and two synchronous increases in temperature and wind.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExperimental and theoretical study on ceiling temperature distributions in mountain tunnel with a lateral open shaft.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group Co., Ltd, Handan, 056200, China.
Article Synopsis
- A series of fire experiments were conducted using a 1/10 scale model tunnel with a lateral open shaft to study the effects of a mechanical exhaust system on temperature changes during a fire.
- The research revealed important correlations between smoke extraction rates and ceiling temperatures, with variations observed in temperature distribution near the fire source based on induced longitudinal velocity.
- Findings led to the development of a modified model for maximum excess temperature and a simplified model for ceiling temperature decay, which are significant for improving fire safety measures in mountain tunnels.
Solar energy resource availability under extreme and historical wildfire smoke conditions.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
By 2050, the U.S. plans to increase solar energy from 3% to 45% of the nation's electricity generation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGrenfell Tower Fire: Toxic Effluents and Assessment of Firefighters' Health Impacts.
J Occup Environ Med
January 2025
From the Centre for Fire and Hazards Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, United Kingdom.
Objective: This study assesses the health symptoms and longer-term health outcomes of firefighters who attended the Grenfell Tower fire.
Methods: All available data sources were analyzed, including databases published by the Public Inquiry, the Firefighter Cancer and Disease Registry, incident logs, and sickness reports up to 3 years postfire.
Results: More than three times as many firefighters who reported exposure to smoke during the fire also reported digestive and respiratory diseases following the fire, compared with those not reporting exposure to smoke.
Grenfell Tower Fire: Firefighters' Activities and Their Exposure to Fire Smoke and Heat.
J Occup Environ Med
January 2025
From the Centre for Fire and Hazards Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, United Kingdom.
Objective: This study aimed to characterize the smoke exposure of firefighters who attended the Grenfell Tower fire during the initial 20 hours.
Methods: As no compilation of exposure data exists, data were compiled from nine unconnected sources, including the Grenfell Tower Inquiry, firefighters' statements, incident logs, and the UK Firefighter Cancer and Disease Registry.
Results: Of the 628 firefighters who attended, information was available from 524.
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