Pharmacists, being compensated through the new dispensing fee, are required to educate patients on their adhesion to the use of prescribed drugs, and to inventory the levels of leftover drugs in outpatients. Recently, Fukuoka City Pharmaceutical Association started a campaign for regulating leftover drugs (Setsuyaku Bag Campaign). Thirty-one pharmacies joined the campaign. Pharmacists distributed convenience bags, called 'SETSUYAKU-BAG.' The patients put their leftover drugs in the bags and brought them to community pharmacies. The pharmacists inventoried the returned drugs and reported their results to the doctors. The doctors adjusted the prescriptions accordingly. We counted and analyzed old and new inventories. The number of leftover drugs was 252, for a total value was ¥839655. Cost of leftover drug prescriptions could be reduced by ¥702695, and the value of drugs thrown away was ¥94801. In total, we could reduce the amount of leftover drugs by 83.7%. The cost of leftover drug for one dose package (ODP) is higher than that for non-ODP. However, there were no significant differences in results per age, sex, number and kinds of drugs, prescription days and premium contribution rate. These results suggest that prescription regulation by inventory of leftover drugs in community pharmacies could significantly reduce overall medical expenses. Further studies are necessary in order to account for patients' health, and to establish more efficient patient education to raise outpatients' adherence to the new programs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.13-00181 | DOI Listing |
Front Public Health
November 2024
Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Introduction: Households frequently store unwanted, unused, or expired medicines in their homes indefinitely or discard them through general municipal waste bins, sinks, or flush them into their toilets. Disposing unused or expired medicines through these unauthorized channels can affect the environment and lives of individuals. This study assessed the household storage and disposal practices of unused and expired medicines in the Dessie City Administration in northeast Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Sci Food Agric
January 2025
College of Food Science and Technology, and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Background: As unsaturated and saturated aldehydes, ketones are known to be responsible for off-odors in surimi products, and they are mainly derived from lipid oxidation. Because surimi-based products are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, they are prone to producing off-odors during the refrigeration and reheating processes, which are common treatments for leftovers. The present study investigated the color, lipid oxidation productions, fatty acid profiles and volatile components in surimi gels during refrigeration at 4 °C for 3 days with multiple reheating.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCO Oncol Pract
August 2024
Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Purpose: Globally, cancer drug expenditure exceeds $185 in US dollars (USD) billion, with the United States contributing $75 (USD) billion. Many cancer drug doses are calculated on the basis of body weight or body surface area, which often results in leftover drug in partially used single-dose vials (SDVs). The cost of wasted drug is a huge financial burden on the US health care system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
August 2024
Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Purpose: In clinical practice, a discrepancy may exist between the prescribed amount of a drug and the commercially available pack sizes in the pharmacy, potentially contributing to drug waste. This study aimed-as an example of this phenomena-to quantify leftover of amoxicillin suspension prescribed to children, due to discrepancies between physician-prescribed and pharmacy-dispensed amounts.
Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study including amoxicillin suspension dispensations for patients aged 0-12 years between 2017 and 2019 utilizing the Dutch PHARMO database.
Sci Rep
July 2024
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
The nonspecific nature of cancer drug delivery often results in substantial toxic side effects during treatments for breast cancer. To mitigate these negative outcomes, our approach involves loading methotrexate (MTX) within carbon quantum dots (CQDs) synthesized from folic acid, which are then enveloped in exosomal membranes obtained from breast cancer cells (Ex@MTX-CQDs). Analysis utilizing nanoparticle tracking techniques has demonstrated that these Ex@MTX-CQDs maintain the physical and biochemical properties of their exosomal precursors.
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