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Targeting VMPFC-amygdala circuit with TMS in substance use disorder: A mechanistic framework.
Addict Biol
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), located along the medial aspect of the frontal area, plays a critical role in regulating arousal/emotions. Its intricate connections with subcortical structures, including the striatum and amygdala, highlight the VMPFC's importance in the neurocircuitry of addiction. Due to these features, the VMPFC is considered a promising target for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in substance use disorders (SUD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis has been shown to be involved in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. NA-831 is a small drug molecule, exhibiting neuroprotection, neurogenesis and memory enhancing properties.
Method: For AD: A randomized clinical trial of NA-831 was performed in 112 participants with mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD), half received the drugs and half received placebo.
Drug Development.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran (Islamic Republic of).
Background: Microbiota of the distal part of the intestine produces Urolithin A (Uro A) as a derivative of ellagitannins hydrolysis. Recently, the mitophagy, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties of Uro A have focused more attention on its probable beneficial effects on neurodegenerative states. The purpose of this research was to study the impact of Uro A on the histopathology of the cerebellum in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Development.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: We report the case of a 79-year-old woman with Alzheimer's disease who enrolled in a clinical study of lecanemab. After the third, biweekly infusion she suffered a seizure followed by aphasia and progressive encephalopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed multifocal cerebral edema and an increased burden of cerebral microhemorrhages compared to pre-trial imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Development.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Background: Participant dropout from study treatment in a clinical trial can leave a trial underpowered, produce bias in statistical analysis, and limit interpretability of study results. Retaining participants in clinical trials for the full study duration is therefore as important as participant recruitment. This analysis aims to identify the baseline characteristics of participants who discontinued during the blinded phase of one of the first and largest preclinical AD trial completed to date, the Anti-Amyloid treatment in Asymptomatic AD (A4) Study.
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