Toxoplasmosis acquired during pregnancy is a serious disease that may significantly affect fetal development and cause irreversible or therapeutically hardly influenced damage to the newborn. Early and correct diagnosis of the disease in the mother is essential for determining prognosis and further diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The case study combines a number of factors to be encountered in clinical practice which may complicate diagnostic considerations. One of them is the existence of a rare phenomenon of reinfection - its possible effects on prenatal screening and other interpretations of such findings. Another problem is the evaluation of the origin of sonographically confirmed fetopathy in relation to Toxoplasma etiology and the choice of next steps that should follow in this situation. Finally, the text discusses the selection of postnatal examinations so that they sufficiently contribute to decision-making about the newborn's treatment initiation.
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Arch Razi Inst
June 2024
College of Health Medical Technique, Al-Bayan University. Baghdad, Iraq.
The present study was conducted from December 2021 to April 2023 at the College of Health and Medical Technologies, Al-Bayan University, in Baghdad province, Iraq, to detect infection in humans by serological methods. Field studies were conducted using 1,500 sera samples from hospitals and private medical laboratories. The sera samples were separated and examined by indirect immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to serologically detect infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIran J Parasitol
January 2024
Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
is an intracellular parasite capable of crossing the placenta in pregnancy and infecting the developing fetus, leading to various congenital anomalies and even abortion. Acute infection is responsible for almost all cases of congenital toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent pregnant women. Prenatal screening for acute toxoplasmosis primarily involves maternal serology and fetal ultrasound imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ West Afr Coll Surg
October 2024
Adeoyo Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus. It is transmitted through sexual intercourse, shared intravenous drugs, contaminated needle use, blood transfusion, and mother-to-child transmission. Of the patients with HIV, 50%-75% have ocular manifestations and this may be the primary presentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Infect Dis
December 2024
CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne, CIC1432, Module Epidémiologie Clinique, Dijon, France.
Risk and severity of congenital toxoplasmosis were estimated using data from 2,455 consecutive mother/child pairs. Clinical signs at 3 years were halved in the 177 children born since 2009 compared to 1996-2008 (OR=0.49; 95% Confidence interval 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Infect Microbiol
December 2024
Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin expressed in cells of the placental microenvironment. This lectin is involved in various biological processes, such as modulation of the immune system and control of parasitic illness. infection can lead to congenital transmission and cause miscarriages, prematurity and fetal anomalies.
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