Pius II, a 15th century Pope, developed chronic foot pain following frostbite at age 30. Later in life he was progressively disabled by arthritis elsewhere and by colic, which may have been due to kidney stones. The differential diagnosis of his rheumatic disease and its effect on his career are discussed.
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World Neurosurg
December 2024
The Loyal and Edith Davis Neurosurgical Research Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Electronic address:
Because of the complexity of the brain and its structures, anatomical knowledge is fundamental in neurosurgery. Anatomical dissection, body preservation, and vascular injection remain essential for training, teaching, and refining surgical techniques. This article explores the historical development of these practices and provides the contextual background of modern neurosurgical cadaveric brain models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtif Organs
August 2024
Stony Brook University Hospital, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
Background: The efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a bridge to left ventricular assist device (LVAD) remains unclear, and recipients of the more contemporary HeartMate 3 (HM3) LVAD are not well represented in previous studies. We therefore undertook a multicenter, retrospective study of this population.
Methods And Results: INTERMACS 1 LVAD recipients from five U.
With the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) authorized the third dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccine with the rationale for prolonged elevation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers and protection against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. To better understand how administration of the third dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine affects the incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections, we administered the third dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) to 189 participants. Blood samples were collected from participants during each of their scheduled visits (baseline, week two, week 12, and week 24) and tested for semi-quantitative anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroscientist
April 2024
Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Michelangelo's unparalleled frescoes in the Sistine Chapel have been traditionally construed to represent the traditional, Roman Catholic interpretation of the Seven Days of Creation in the Book of Genesis and the Last Judgement. Indeed, in September 2018, Pope Francis I offered a benediction for the Vatican's art treasures and for "those who contributed to the Church's history through art." A number of studies have suggested that Michelangelo concealed anatomic information about the human brain in his renderings of God and biblical prophets and saints.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Sci
January 2020
Centre for Renaissance and Early Modern Studies, University of York, York, UK.
Historians have portrayed the papal bull (1586) as a significant turning point in the history of the Catholic Church's censorship of astrology. They argue that this bull was intended to prohibit the idea that the stars could naturally incline humans towards future actions, but also had the effect of preventing the discussion of other forms of natural astrology including those useful to medicine, agriculture, and navigation. The bull, therefore, threatened to overturn principles established by Thomas Aquinas, which not only justified long-standing astrological practices, but also informed the Roman Inquisition's attitude towards this art.
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