We have established a bone marrow endothelial cell line. This review focuses on the elucidation and analysis of the effects of this bone marrow endothelial cell-conditioned medium (BMEC-CM) on the differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic and endothelial progenitors as well as embryonic stem cells (ESCs). We will review that (1) BMEC-CM promotes proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic lineage; (2) BMEC-CM promotes proliferation and differentiation of endothelial lineage; (3) BMEC-CM induces differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells/progenitors into endothelial progenitors; and (4) BMEC-CM induces differentiation of ESCs into hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. We conclude that the soluble factors secreted by BMECs are able to support the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic and endothelium lineages. Moreover, these soluble factors induce hematopoietic cells to differentiate to endothelial cells, and induce ESCs to differentiate towards both endothelial cells and hematopoietic cells. Therefore, this work provides evidence that a close relationship involved in the development of hematopoietic and endothelial lineage. This disclosure will be beneficial for therapy strategy in the treatment of ischemic and tumor diseases, and improve our understanding of the relationship between hematopoietic and endothelial lineages.
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