Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders affecting many mammals, ovine scrapie being the archetypal prion disease. Several independent studies in murine and cell-based models of scrapie have highlighted the presence of a link between prion generation and lipid alterations; yet, no data on natural disease are available. In this study we investigated levels of total lipids and cholesterol as well as profiles of fatty acids in brain homogenates from symptomatic and asymptomatic scrapie-infected sheep vs. healthy sheep, all belonging to the same flock. Lipid extracts were analyzed by means of gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Data of fatty acids were submitted to multivariate statistical analysis to give a picture of the brain lipid profiles of sheep. Interestingly, results revealed abnormalities in the brain fatty acid unsaturation of infected/symptomatic animals. Significant reduction of monoene 18:1 n-9 was detected in brain lipids from infected/symptomatic sheep, as compared to healthy and infected/asymptomatic animals, and this alteration occurred in combination with a significant increase in 18:0 level. The unsupervised Principal Component Analysis showed that infected/symptomatic and healthy sheep samples lie in two different regions of the plot, infected/asymptomatic lie mostly next to healthy. The increase of cerebral saturated fatty acids provides a rough indication of presumed alterations in lipid raft domains of nervous cells during scrapie, suggesting that they may exist in a notable viscous liquid-ordered state. Such physicochemical alteration would have a profound impact on the raft thermodynamic properties, its spatial organization, and signal transduction, all potentially relevant for prion generation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2013.08.001 | DOI Listing |
Mol Biotechnol
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
Staphylococcus warneri is a gram-positive mesophilic bacterium, resilient to extreme environmental conditions. To unravel its Osmotic Tolerance Response (OTR), we conducted proteomic and metabolomic analyses under drought (PEG) and salt (NaCl) stresses. Our findings revealed 1340 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) across all treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Foods Hum Nutr
December 2024
Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Subsede Sureste, Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto - Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Yucatán. Tablaje Catastral 31264. Km 5.5, Mérida, México.
Crackers are bakery products that have shown an increase in consumption. One way to make crackers more nutritious is to add bioactive compounds, such as chia oil which is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. As these compounds are highly unsaturated, encapsulation techniques, such as nanoemulsion, allow the addition of them in foods, guaranteeing the preservation of their properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes Genomics
December 2024
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea.
Background: Vegetable oils are primarily composed of unsaturated fatty acids. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Anim Health Prod
December 2024
Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
Rumen acidosis is a common nutritional metabolic disease in ruminants, and the developing of feed additives to prevent this disorder has great application prospect. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary niacin supplementation with different concentrate to roughage ratio on rumen fermentation evaluated by simulated rumen fermentation in vitro and in vivo. The cattle fed with basal feed (dietary concentrate-to-forage ratio was 5: 5) and high concentrate feed (dietary concentrate-to-forage ratio was 8: 2) were defined as Control stage and HC stage, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmSystems
December 2024
Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Unlabelled: Dietary fiber confers multiple health benefits originating from the expansion of beneficial gut microbial activity. However, very few studies have established the metabolic consequences of interactions among specific fibers, microbiome composition, and function in either human or representative animal models. In a study design reflective of realistic population dietary variation, fecal metagenomic and metabolomic profiles were analyzed from healthy dogs fed 12 test foods containing different fiber sources and quantities (5-13% as-fed basis).
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