Treatment stability of Milwaukee brace in idiopathic hyperkyphosis.

Background: The Milwaukee brace is an efficient method for correcting hyperkyphosis before skeletal maturity. However, loss of correction in long-term follow-up is inevitable.

Objectives: To determine loss of correction and factors affecting the loss of correction.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: A total of 49 corrected patients by Milwaukee brace participated minimum 2 years after treatment completion. The participants were categorized into two groups based on their roentgenograms: Group 1 (n = 36) had kyphotic curves of 45° or less and Group 2 (n = 13) had kyphotic curves of more than 45°.

Results: The mean loss of corrections for Group 1 and Group 2 were 3.80° (ranges = 0°-13°) and 12.92° (ranges = 8°-22°), respectively. Group 1 showed no significant difference between the average hyperkyphosis of the patients for the part-time and full-time treatment duration (p = 0.02). By contrast, a significant difference was observed between the average hyperkyphosis of patients in Group 2 for the part-time and full-time treatment duration (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Patients with kyphosis of 60° or less who can save the correction in full-time orthotic treatment in part-time treatment may have the least loss of correction over time.

Clinical Relevance: As the orthotic treatment is a time-consuming method that needs the close collaboration of patient and treatment team, it is possible that clinicians predict the probable result of treatment and efficiency of orthotic treatment. Thus, a clinician can abandon orthotic treatment and refer the patient for an operation.