Electron transfer between the title compounds and their radical cations, which were generated by photoinduced electron transfer from the sulfides to excited 2,4,6-triphenylpyrylium cations, was investigated by time-resolved measurements of chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (CIDNP) in acetonitrile. The strongly negative activation entropies provide evidence for an associative-dissociative electron exchange involving dimeric radical cations. Despite this mechanistic complication, the free energies of activation were found to be well reproduced by the Marcus theory of electron transfer, with the activation barrier still dominated by solvent reorganization.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.164 | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci Technol
January 2025
Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States.
Supercritical (sc) CO in geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) can chemically and mechanically deteriorate wellbore cement, raising concerns for long-term operations. In contrast to the conventional view of "sulfate attack" on cement, we found that adding 0.15 M sulfate to the acidic brine can significantly reduce the impact of scCO attack on Portland cement, resulting in stronger cement than that found in a sulfate-free system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
January 2025
School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs) are promising for high-energy-density rechargeable batteries. However, Li dendrites formed by the reaction between highly active Li and non-aqueous electrolytes lead to safety concerns and rapid capacity decay. Developing a reliable solid-electrolyte interphase is critical for realizing high-rate and long-life LMBs, but remains technically challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Parkinson's disease (PD) and insomnia are prevalent neurological disorders, with emerging evidence implicating tryptophan (TRP) metabolism in their pathogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms by which TRP metabolism contributes to these conditions remain insufficiently elucidated. This study explores shared tryptophan metabolism-related genes (TMRGs) and molecular mechanisms underlying PD and insomnia, aiming to provide insights into their shared pathogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
Shells of Pd and Pt were synthesized on Au nanoparticles by electrodeposition, leading to controllable size and optical properties. This approach yielded core-shell structures with good homogeneity in size after the optimization of electrochemical parameters such as deposition current and charge transfer, as well as nanoparticle surface treatment. Dark field scattering microscopy and spectroscopy were used to track changes in the optical response of individual particles during deposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) is an ATP-powered exporter important for maintaining liver homeostasis and a potential contributor to chemotherapeutic resistance. Using cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), we determine the structures of human MRP2 in three conformational states: an autoinhibited state, a substrate-bound pre-translocation state, and an ATP-bound post-translocation state. In the autoinhibited state, the cytosolic regulatory (R) domain plugs into the transmembrane substrate-binding site and extends into the cytosol to form a composite ATP-binding site at the surface of nucleotide-binding domain 2.
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