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Differential mobilization of terrestrial carbon pools in Eurasian Arctic river basins. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • As the Arctic warms, thawing permafrost is expected to release more carbon, but understanding this release is complicated by various processes affecting different organic carbon pools.
  • This study uses radiocarbon dating to distinguish between carbon coming from surface sources and that from deeply buried permafrost in estuarine sediments across the Eurasian Arctic.
  • Findings indicate that while young carbon from surface sources is primarily driven by increased river runoff, the contribution of ancient carbon from permafrost has also risen by 3-6% from 1985 to 2004, indicating that climate change is actively mobilizing old permafrost carbon.

Article Abstract

Mobilization of Arctic permafrost carbon is expected to increase with warming-induced thawing. However, this effect is challenging to assess due to the diverse processes controlling the release of various organic carbon (OC) pools from heterogeneous Arctic landscapes. Here, by radiocarbon dating various terrestrial OC components in fluvially and coastally integrated estuarine sediments, we present a unique framework for deconvoluting the contrasting mobilization mechanisms of surface vs. deep (permafrost) carbon pools across the climosequence of the Eurasian Arctic. Vascular plant-derived lignin phenol (14)C contents reveal significant inputs of young carbon from surface sources whose delivery is dominantly controlled by river runoff. In contrast, plant wax lipids predominantly trace ancient (permafrost) OC that is preferentially mobilized from discontinuous permafrost regions, where hydrological conduits penetrate deeper into soils and thermokarst erosion occurs more frequently. Because river runoff has significantly increased across the Eurasian Arctic in recent decades, we estimate from an isotopic mixing model that, in tandem with an increased transfer of young surface carbon, the proportion of mobilized terrestrial OC accounted for by ancient carbon has increased by 3-6% between 1985 and 2004. These findings suggest that although partly masked by surface carbon export, climate change-induced mobilization of old permafrost carbon is well underway in the Arctic.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3761604PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1307031110DOI Listing

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