Background: More than a decade may pass between the onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms and initiation of treatment. One explanation may be health care professionals' limited awareness of OCD symptom presentations. We assessed mental health care providers' ability to identify taboo thoughts as manifestations of OCD.
Methods: A random sample of 2,550 American Psychological Association members were asked to give diagnostic impressions based on 1 of 5 OCD vignettes: 4 about taboo thoughts and 1 about contamination obsessions.
Results: Three-hundred sixty (14.1%) providers completed the survey. The overall misidentification rate across all vignettes was 38.9%. Rates of incorrect (non-OCD) responses were significantly higher for the taboo thoughts vignettes (obsessions about homosexuality, 77.0%; sexual obsessions about children, 42.9%; aggressive obsessions, 31.5%; and religious obsessions, 28.8%) vs the contamination obsessions vignette (15.8%).
Conclusions: Mental health professionals commonly misidentify OCD symptom presentations, particularly sexual obsessions, highlighting a need for education and training.
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J Psychiatr Res
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. Electronic address:
Background: Microstate characterization of electroencephalogram (EEG) is a data-driven approach to explore the functional changes and interrelationships of multiple brain networks on a millisecond scale. This study aimed to explore the pathological changes of whole-brain functional networks in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) through microstate analysis and further to explore its potential value as an auxiliary diagnostic index.
Methods: Forty-eight OCD patients (33 with more than moderate anxiety symptoms, 15 with mild anxiety symptoms) and 52 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited.
According to the metacognitive theory, maladaptive metacognition is associated with the development and maintenance of emotional disorders. This study is the first to explore maladaptive metacognition in a sample of children and adolescents (7-17 years) with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in the context of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). A total of 114 children and adolescents were included in the study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehav Ther
January 2025
McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and University of Bergen.
Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) is an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), yet the specific underlying mechanisms by which ERP improves symptoms remain unclear. Initial theories suggested that habituation to triggering events and stimuli was the key therapeutic factor in ERP, while other theories highlight the role of developing the ability to tolerate distress, rather than reduction of distress. The current study examined improvements in distress tolerance as a mechanism of OCD, anxiety, and depressive symptom reductions during an ERP-based intensive program.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough behavioral avoidance is observed among those with heightened contamination concerns, the extent to which such avoidance is best predicted by state and/or trait characteristics is unclear. Furthermore, while disgust proneness is a disease-specific trait that has been shown to predict avoidance among those with symptoms of contamination-based obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), it is unclear if other disease-specific traits may also serve a similar function. In the present study, contamination-fearful participants (N = 89) first completed self-report measures of disease-specific (disgust proneness, health anxiety, perceived vulnerability to disease) and disease-nonspecific (intolerance of uncertainty, trait anxiety) traits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnxiety disorders are the most common postpartum psychiatric conditions, yet limited research exists on the prevention of postpartum anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Postpartum anxiety leads to significant problems in both mother and child, such as maternal depression, difficulty breastfeeding, interference with parent-infant bonding, and childhood anxiety. In the current study, we tested the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of an Internet-delivered postpartum anxiety and OCD prevention program, "Preventing Postpartum Onset Distress" (P-POD), in a sample of 15 pregnant women in their third trimester.
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