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Mechanisms of increased pain discrimination by contingent reinforcement: a perceptual decision-making and instrumental learning account.
Pain
January 2025
Integrative Spinal Research Group, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Recent evidence highlights that monetary rewards can increase the precision at which healthy human volunteers can detect small changes in the intensity of thermal noxious stimuli, contradicting the idea that rewards exert a broad inhibiting influence on pain perception. This effect was stronger with contingent rewards compared with noncontingent rewards, suggesting a successful learning process. In the present study, we implemented a model comparison approach that aimed to improve our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie thermal noxious discrimination in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVariational Quantum Algorithm for Non-Markovian Quantum Dynamics Using an Ensemble of Ehrenfest Trajectories.
J Phys Chem Lett
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States.
The simulation of non-Markovian quantum dynamics plays an important role in the understanding of charge and exciton dynamics in the condensed phase environment, yet such a simulation remains computationally expensive on classical computers. In this work, we develop a variational quantum algorithm that is capable of simulating non-Markovian quantum dynamics on quantum computers. The algorithm captures the non-Markovian effect by employing the Ehrenfest trajectories and Monte Carlo sampling of their thermal distribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy of Histotripsy With Subsequent Heating on In Vitro VX2 Cancer Cells.
J Ultrasound Med
January 2025
Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Objective: Focused ultrasound has emerged as a precise and minimally invasive modality for effective cancer treatment. In this study, we propose a novel method that integrates the mechanical effects of focused ultrasound, known as histotripsy, with heating to enhance both the immediate and sustained cytotoxic effects on cancer cells.
Methods: Our investigation focused on VX2 cancer cells in suspension, examining five experimental groups: blank control, negative control, heating alone, histotripsy alone, and histotripsy with subsequent heating.
Effect of moisture in fire hoods and gloves on residual heat accumulation during repeated rest-work cycles at a fire scene.
Sci Prog
January 2025
National Fire Research Institute, Asan-si, Republic of Korea.
Firefighters are exposed to the risk of burns at fire scenes. In 2020, the National Fire Agency of the Republic of Korea surveyed 50,527 firefighters and identified 242 burn-related incidents. The body parts affected by these burns were the hands (28.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApplication of Ultrasound to Animal-Based Food to Improve Microbial Safety and Processing Efficiency.
Food Sci Anim Resour
January 2025
Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
Animal-based foods such as meat, dairy, and eggs contain abundant essential proteins, vitamins, and minerals that are crucial for human nutrition. Therefore, there is a worldwide growing demand for animal-based products. Since animal-based foods are vital resources of nutrients, it is essential to ensure their microbial safety which may not be ensured by traditional food preservation methods.
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