State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China.
Published: October 2013
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
We describe the discovery and characterization of a novel paramyxovirus, porcine parainfluenza virus 1 (PPIV-1), from swine. The virus was detected in 12 (3.1 %) of 386 nasopharyngeal and two (0.7 %) of 303 rectal swab samples from 386 deceased pigs by reverse transcription-PCR, with viral loads of up to 10(6) copies ml(-1). Complete genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that PPIV-1 represented a novel paramyxovirus within the genus Respirovirus, being most closely related to human parainfluenza virus 1 (HPIV-1) and Sendai virus (SeV). In contrast to HPIV-1, PPIV-1 possessed a mRNA editing function in the phosphoprotein gene. Moreover, PPIV-1 was unique among respiroviruses in having two G residues instead of three to five G residues following the A6 run at the editing site. Nevertheless, PPIV-1, HPIV-1 and SeV share common genomic features and may belong to a separate group within the genus Respirovirus. The presence of PPIV-1 in mainly respiratory samples suggests a possible association with respiratory disease, similar to HPIV-1 and SeV.
Unlabelled: A novel Hendra virus (HeV) genotype (HeV genotype 2 [HeV-g2]) was recently isolated from a deceased horse, revealing high-sequence conservation and antigenic similarities with the prototypic strain, HeV-g1. As the receptor-binding (G) and fusion (F) glycoproteins of HeV are essential for mediating viral entry, functional characterization of emerging HeV genotypic variants is key to understanding viral entry mechanisms and broader virus-host co-evolution. We first confirmed that HeV-g2 and HeV-g1 glycoproteins share a close phylogenetic relationship, underscoring HeV-g2's relevance to global health.
Global Alliance for Preventing Pandemics at the Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
* Our findings identified new or previously unclassified viruses, including murine adenovirus 4 and two new species from the paramyxovirus and picornavirus families.
* The study highlights rodents as significant carriers for potential zoonotic viruses, which could pose risks to human health in the future.
Pigeon Newcastle disease, caused by pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1), is a significant infectious disease in pigeons that can result in substantial mortality and poses a severe threat to the pigeon industry. The rapid and accurate onsite diagnosis of pigeon disease is crucial for timely diagnosis and the implementation of effective prevention and control measures. In this study, we established a rapid detection method for PPMV-1 based on recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) and CRISPR/Cas12a.
A novel jeilongvirus was identified through next-generation sequencing in cell cultures inoculated with spleen and kidney extracts. The spleen and kidney were obtained from a rodent (cotton mouse) found dead in the city of Gainesville, in North-Central Florida, USA. Jeilongviruses are paramyxoviruses of the subfamily that have been found in bats, cats, and rodents.
Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; Key Laboratory of Anhui Province for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Hefei 230027, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China. Electronic address:
Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic paramyxovirus in the genus Henipavirus that is prevalent in Southeast Asia. NiV leads to severe respiratory disease and encephalitis in humans and animals, with a mortality rate of up to 75%. Despite the grave threat to public health and global biosecurity, no medical countermeasures are available for humans.
