In this study, 1-(bromoalkanoyl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-diones, (2,4-dioxo-pyrimidin-1-yl)-oxo-alkanoic acids, and bis(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-alkanones were successfully prepared via electrophilic substitution of uracil and its derivatives. High yields and pure products were obtained when microwave and ultrasound methodologies were used for undertaking the reactions. Importantly, the use of 4-dimethylaminopyridine in the present investigation gave rise to higher conversions of the starting material and afforded facile access to regioselective N-1 products.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2013.809457 | DOI Listing |
Heliyon
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Synthetic antidiabetic drugs are often associated with various adverse side effects, including hypoglycemia, nausea, gastrointestinal disturbances, headaches, and even liver damage. In contrast, plant-derived natural antidiabetic bioactive compounds typically exhibit lower toxicity and fewer side effects and have been reported to aid effectively in diabetes management. These plant extracts regulate diabetes by restoring pancreatic function, enhancing insulin secretion, inhibiting intestinal glucose absorption, and facilitating insulin dependent metabolism.
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January 2025
Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia.
A rapid and efficient ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) procedure followed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed for the determination of 14 rare earth elements (REEs) (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu), along with yttrium (Y) and scandium (Sc), in coffee samples. The method was validated using certified reference material (NIST SRM 1547), recovery tests at four fortification levels, and comparisons with microwave-assisted digestion (MAD). Excellent accuracy and precision were achieved, with recovery rates ranging from 80.
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January 2025
Section of Food and Nutrition, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.
A rise in antimicrobial resistance coupled with consumer preferences towards natural preservatives has resulted in increased research towards investigating antimicrobial compounds from natural sources such as macroalgae (seaweeds), which contain antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer compounds. This study investigates the antimicrobial activity of compounds produced by the Irish seaweed against and , bacterial species which are relevant for food safety. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE), and conventional extraction technologies (maceration) were applied to generate extracts from , followed by their preliminary chemical composition (total phenolic content, total protein content, total soluble sugars) and antimicrobial activity (with minimum inhibitory concentration determined by broth microdilution methods), examining also the molecular weight distribution (via high performance size exclusion chromatography) and oligosaccharide fraction composition (via high-performance liquid chromatography) of the polysaccharides, as they were the predominant compounds in these extracts, aiming to elucidate structure-function relationships.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Methods
January 2025
Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil.
Analytical chemistry demands precise sample preparation methods to ensure accurate qualitative and quantitative determinations, especially those capable of clean-up and preconcentration of target analytes. Extraction plays a crucial role in enhancing the selectivity and sensitivity of analytical procedures. Thus, Energized Dispersive Guided Extraction (EDGE) has emerged as an innovative alternative to traditional methods, such as Soxhlet, maceration, and percolation, as well as modern techniques like Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE), Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE), and Microwave or Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (MAE and UAE).
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December 2024
Healthy Lipids Group, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Microalgae have been described as a potential alternative source of a wide range of bioactive compounds, including polar lipids and carotenoids. Specifically, is described as producing large amounts of polar lipids, such as glycolipids and phospholipids. These natural active compounds serve as key ingredients for food, cosmetic, or nutraceutical applications.
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