In this issue of , Hahn and Lowrey have identified phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) as a novel mechanism for the post-transcriptional induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF). Furthermore, they demonstrate that this eIF2αP-mediated pathway works synergistically with 2 clinical therapeutics, azacytidine and hydroxyurea (HU), to induce higher levels of HbF than any single agent alone.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2013-06-506139 | DOI Listing |
Stem Cell Res Ther
December 2024
Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR), A Unit of InStem Bengaluru, Christian Medical College Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632002, India.
Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) and β-thalassemia patients with elevated gamma globin (HBG1/G2) levels exhibit mild or no symptoms. To recapitulate this natural phenomenon, the most coveted gene therapy approach is to edit the regulatory sequences of HBG1/G2 to reactivate them. By editing more than one regulatory sequence in the HBG promoter, the production of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) can be significantly increased.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Stem Cell
December 2024
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Electronic address:
Editing the +58 region of the BCL11A erythroid enhancer has shown promise in treating β-globin disorders. To address variations in fetal hemoglobin (HbF) response, we investigated editing both +58 and +55 enhancers. Rhesus macaques transplanted with edited hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) following busulfan conditioning exhibited durable, high-level (∼90%) editing frequencies post transplantation with sustained HbF reactivation over 4 years, without hematological perturbations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChin Med
November 2024
National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed
September 2024
Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Biology (Basel)
February 2024
Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie Cellulaire, Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France.
Cellular integrated stress response (ISR), the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), and IFN signaling are associated with viral infections. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) plays a pivotal role in these pathways and controls the expression of many genes involved in redox processes, amino acid metabolism, protein misfolding, autophagy, and apoptosis. The precise role of ATF4 during viral infection is unclear and depends on cell hosts, viral agents, and models.
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