With the enactment of the Second Chance Act in 2008, social workers have a greater opportunity for intervention to break the cycle of recidivism. To develop interventions, however, social workers require profiles of incarcerated people and their perceived human service needs. Unfortunately, previous research has focused on prison and not jail inmates and lacks race-differential data. In this article the authors address this gap in the literature by describing the scope of the problem and presenting a profile of male inmates and their perceived service needs by race upon entry into a major urban county jail.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15433714.2011.561128 | DOI Listing |
Soc Sci Med
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Objectives: To understand place-based drivers of racial disparities in stroke mortality in the United States by investigating the relationship between county-level measures of structural racism and racial disparities in stroke mortality.
Methods: We constructed an additive structural racism score from census-based indicators of racial disproportionality (income, poverty, unemployment, home ownership, education, health insurance) and residential segregation (evenness, isolation), as well as county-level jail incarceration data from the Vera Institute of Justice. We utilized age-standardized, spatially smoothed stroke death rates in 2021 for Black and White adults aged 35-64 years in the United States.
J Public Health Manag Pract
January 2025
Author Affiliations: Public Health Department, County of Santa Clara, San Jose, California (Dr Agroia, Ms Lopez, and Mr Padilla); and County of Santa Clara Health System, Adult Custody Health Services, San Jose, California (Dr Walsh).
Correctional facilities serve as a key location to identify and treat those with HIV given high rates of HIV seen in justice-involved individuals; however, substantial barriers exist to accessing HIV care in the community upon release. In response to restricted in-person activities due to COVID-19, the County of Santa Clara (SCC) Jail launched a telephonic visits program in January 2021 to link justice-involved individuals diagnosed with HIV to community HIV care following release. Telephonic visits were conducted by social workers from SCC Public Health Department; these visits entailed conducting an HIV needs assessment, providing education, and offering support services.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gen Intern Med
January 2025
Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA.
Background: Prior research has shown that African American men and women are more likely to receive lower quality healthcare compared to their white counterparts, which is exacerbated in jail and prison healthcare systems.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore barriers and facilitators to quality healthcare among African American men and women released from Illinois State Prisons or Cook County Jail by examining their opinions and experiences with overall healthcare and cancer screening during and after incarceration.
Design: Four focus groups (n = 25 "co-researchers") were conducted to understand how formerly incarcerated African American men and women perceive and describe their experience of accessing, understanding, and utilizing healthcare during and after incarceration.
Women in jail report significantly higher rates of interpersonal violence, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and substance use disorders compared to the general population. Exposure to interpersonal violence is associated with PTSD and maladaptive behaviors such as substance use and engagement in risky behaviors. However, less is known about mechanisms, such as emotion regulation and trauma-coping self-efficacy, that might increase or decrease the likelihood of these maladaptive behavioral health outcomes in this population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
December 2024
Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Importance: Recreational use of drug-soaked paper strips (hereafter, strips) in correctional facilities poses a major public health risk owing to the diverse and potentially severe toxic effects of the substances they contain. Understanding the clinical manifestations and outcomes of exposure to these strips is important for developing effective management and prevention strategies.
Objective: To characterize the clinical manifestations, management, and outcomes of intoxication from strips in a correctional facility population, and to identify the specific substances present in these strips.
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