The ciliated receptive endings of sensory cells and the dendrites of other neurons are shaped by adhesive interactions, many of which depend on machinery also present in epithelia. Sensory cells are shaped by interactions with support cells through adhesion junctions via the Crumbs complex, tight junction components such as claudins, as well as interactions with apical extracellular matrix composed of zona pellucida domain proteins. Neuronal dendrites are shaped by adhesion machinery that includes cadherins, catenins, afadin, L1CAM, CHL1, Sidekicks, Contactin and Caspr, many of which are shared with epithelia. This review highlights this shared machinery, and suggests that mechanisms of epithelial morphogenesis may thus provide a guide to understanding dendrite morphogenesis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2013.06.011 | DOI Listing |
Mutations in the gene cause the most common form of human hereditary hearing loss, known as DFNB1. is expressed in two cell groups of the cochlea-epithelial cells of the organ of Corti and fibrocytes of the inner sulcus and lateral wall-but not by sensory hair cells or neurons. Attempts to treat mouse models of DFNB1 with AAV vectors mediating nonspecific expression have not substantially restored function, perhaps because inappropriate expression in hair cells and neurons could compromise their electrical activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo myelinate axons, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) must stop dividing and differentiate into premyelinating oligodendrocytes (preOLs). PreOLs are thought to survey and begin ensheathing nearby axons, and their maturation is often stalled at human demyelinating lesions. Lack of genetic tools to visualize and manipulate preOLs has left this critical differentiation stage woefully understudied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Sports Medical Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Postoperative adhesion around nerves sometimes results in sensory and motor dysfunctions. To prevent these disorders, we have developed an electrospun nanofiber sheet incorporating methylcobalamin (MeCbl), an active form of vitamin B12 with anti-inflammatory and neuroregenerative effects. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of MeCbl sheets against postoperative adhesion and to compare the effects of MeCbl sheets with those of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) sheets using a rat sciatic nerve adhesion model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Oral Sci
January 2025
Department of Stomatology, Tangdu Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is a common disease often accompanied by pain, seriously affecting physical and mental health of patients. Abnormal innervation at the osteochondral junction has been considered as a predominant origin of arthralgia, while the specific mechanism mediating pain remains unclear. To investigate the underlying mechanism of TMJ-OA pain, an abnormal joint loading model was used to induce TMJ-OA pain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Biol
January 2025
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Microtubule nucleation is important for microtubule organization in dendrites and for neuronal injury responses. The core nucleation protein, γTubulin (γTub), is localized to dendrite branch points in Drosophila sensory neurons by Wnt receptors and scaffolding proteins on endosomes. However, whether Wnt ligands are important is unknown.
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