Burn is one of the most common and devastating forms of trauma. Major burn injury disturbs the immune system, resulting in marked alterations in bone marrow hematopoiesis and a progressive suppression of the immune response, which are thought to contribute to increased susceptibility to secondary infections and the development of sepsis. Immunosuppression in patients with severe burn and sepsis leads to high morbidity and mortality in these patients. mononuclear phagocytes system (MPS) is a critical component of the innate immune response and plays key roles in burn immunity. These phagocytes are the first cellular responders to severe burn injury after acute disruption of the skin barrier. They are not only able to internalize and digest bacteria and dead cells and scavenge toxic compounds produced by metabolism, but also able to initiate an adaptive immune response. Severe burn and sepsis profoundly inhibit the functions of dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages. Adoptive transfer of MPS or stem cells to patients with severe burn and sepsis that aim to restore MPS function is promising. A better understanding of the roles played by MPS in the pathophysiology of severe burn and sepsis will guarantee a more rational and effective immunotherapy of patients with severe burn and sepsis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SHK.0b013e318299f774 | DOI Listing |
S Afr J Surg
December 2024
Trauma and Burns Unit, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, South Africa.
Background: Data on trauma burden and outcome varies amongst the nine South African Provinces. In Limpopo Province there is a paucity of data which this study aimed to quantify and characterise the severe trauma burden in the province.
Methods: A retrospective chart review for all patients with injury severity score (ISS) > 16 over a 6-year period (Jan 2015-Dec 2020) at two central hospitals in Limpopo province.
S Afr J Surg
December 2024
Department of Surgical Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Background: KwaZulu-Natal bears a significant trauma burden, with polytrauma patients often experiencing traumatic limb amputations. This study investigates traumatic limb amputations in the subgroup of severely injured polytrauma patients admitted to the trauma ICU in KwaZulu-Natal. This study aims to describe the management and outcomes of traumatic limb amputations in polytrauma patients at the trauma ICU.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJACC Case Rep
January 2025
Allina Health Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
We present a first in human experience of transseptal balloon-assisted translocation of a mitral anterior leaflet (BATMAN) to facilitate transcatheter mitral valve replacement in a patient with severe mitral annular calcification who was at high risk of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Open Sci
August 2024
University of California, Irvine, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, Orange, CA, USA.
Background: There is a paucity of literature guiding trauma surgeons in the care of patients with active metastatic cancer (MC). Even less is known regarding outcomes for MC patients requiring emergent surgery after trauma. We hypothesized that trauma patients with active Metastatic Cancer (MC) have an increased mortality rate and undergo increased rates of withdrawal of care (WoC) within 72-hours following emergent operations, compared to similarly matched patients without MC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInjury
January 2025
Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
Background: Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are becoming more prevalent among post-burn populations. With the increase in awareness of the significance of psychosocial injury adjustment for holistic health-related quality of life, beyond just physical, occupational, and functional recovery. However, the incidence of depression and PTSD in the adult population is inconsistent across published studies.
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