Multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs) are an adherent stem cell population that belongs to the mesenchymal-type progenitor cell family. Although MAPCs are emerging as candidate agents for immunomodulation after solid organ transplantation, their value requires further validation in a clinically relevant cell therapy model using an organ donor- and organ recipient-independent, third-party cell product. We report that stable allograft survival can be achieved following third-party MAPC infusion in a rat model of fully allogeneic, heterotopic heart transplantation. Furthermore, long-term accepted heart grafts recovered from MAPC-treated animals can be successfully retransplanted to naïve animals without additional immunosuppression. This prolongation of MAPC-mediated allograft acceptance depends upon a myeloid cell population since depletion of macrophages by clodronate abrogates the tolerogenic MAPC effect. We also show that MAPC-mediated allograft acceptance differs mechanistically from drug-induced tolerance regarding marker gene expression, T regulatory cell induction, retransplantability, and macrophage dependence. MAPC-based immunomodulation represents a promising pathway for clinical immunotherapy that has led us to initiate a phase I clinical trial for testing safety and feasibility of third-party MAPC therapy after liver transplantation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5966/sctm.2012-0166 | DOI Listing |
Heart Rhythm O2
December 2024
Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Kidney Med
January 2025
Division of Nephrology, Florida State University School of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in many medical specialties. However, nephrology has lagged in adopting and incorporating machine learning techniques. Nephrology is well positioned to capitalize on the benefits of AI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, HonorHealth, Scottsdale, USA.
Background Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) remains a significant complication following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), affecting 22%-30% of patients. This study evaluates the efficacy of NephroCheck, a biomarker-based test measuring insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP2), in predicting postoperative AKI. Methods In this retrospective observational cohort study, 21 patients undergoing isolated CABG were analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mol Cell Cardiol Plus
September 2023
Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Heart failure (HF) is a rapidly growing pandemic while medical treatment options remain limited. Omecamtiv mecarbil (OM) is a novel HF drug that directly targets the myosin heads of the cardiac muscle. This study used living myocardial slices (LMS) from patients with HF to evaluate the direct biomechanical effects of OM as compared to dobutamine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Heart J Case Rep
January 2025
Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Background: Valve sparing aortic root replacement (VSARR) is a treatment for aortic root dilatation and aortic regurgitation (AR), which preserves the aortic valve. However, AR may recur, and redo surgery often carries high risk. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) can be performed but there is a paucity of literature to guide procedural planning.
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