QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Published: December 2013
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Hydrostatic pressure is a well-known physical parameter which is now considered an important variable of life, since organisms have the ability to adapt to pressure changes, by the development of resistance against this variable. In the past decades a huge interest in high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) technology is increasingly emerging among food and biosciences researchers. Microbial specific stress responses to HHP are currently being investigated, through the evaluation of pressure effects on biomolecules, cell structure, metabolic behavior, growth and viability. The knowledge development in this field allows a better comprehension of pressure resistance mechanisms acquired at sub-lethal pressures. In addition, new applications of HHP could arise from these studies, particularly in what concerns to biotechnology. For instance, the modulation of microbial metabolic pathways, as a response to different pressure conditions, may lead to the production of novel compounds with potential biotechnological and industrial applications. Considering pressure as an extreme life condition, this review intends to present the main findings so far reported in the scientific literature, focusing on microorganisms with the ability to withstand and to grow in high pressure conditions, whether they have innated or acquired resistance, and show the potential of the application of HHP technology for microbial biotechnology.
Macrophages are versatile myeloid leukocytes with flexible cellular states to perform diverse tissue functions beyond immunity. This plasticity is however often hijacked by diseases to promote pathology. Scanning kinetics of macrophage states by single-cell transcriptomics and flow cytometry, we observed atopic dermatitis drastically exhausted a resident subtype S1.
Temperate mixed forests are currently experiencing severe drought conditions and face increased risk of degradation. However, it remains unclear how critical tree physiological functions such as sap flow density (SFD) and tree water deficit (TWD, defined as reversible stem shrinkage when water is depleted), respond to extreme environmental conditions and how they interact under dry conditions. We monitored SFD and TWD of three co-occurring European tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior and Acer pseudoplatanus) in dry conditions, using high temporal resolution sap flow, dendrometer, and environmental measurements.
Purpose: High-grade femoral trochlear dysplasia is associated with anterior knee pain, patellar maltracking, instability and the development of osteoarthritis. Scientific studies have signified the importance of trochlear resection on the knee extensor mechanism, and dysplasia can be addressed by a groove-deepening trochleoplasty. Alternatively, tibial tubercle anteriorisation has been proposed to reduce patellofemoral joint (PFJ) pressure and alleviate pain from osteoarthritis.
Understanding the experiences of unaccompanied youths in refugee foster care is important to tailor such systems to support the complex needs and desires of these youth. This instrumental case study sought to understand how a cohort of unaccompanied refugee youth experience refugee foster care as they navigate the "in-betweenness" of adolescence. Eight youth (ages 17-21) from Guatemala and Honduras, nine foster parents, and two staff were interviewed.
Introduction: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by rapidly enlarging, painful ulcers with undermined borders. The management of PG is challenging due to the lack of standardized evidence-based treatments.
Areas Covered: This review examines recent efforts to establish standardized outcomes for clinical trials to facilitate the drug development process for PG.
