This article outlines infections in the submandibular, lateral pharyngeal, retropharyngeal, danger, and prevertebral spaces, in conjunction with infections of the sinuses and mediastinum. By understanding the anatomy and pathophysiology, the reader will gain insight into the rationale for various therapeutic options.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccc.2013.03.003 | DOI Listing |
Cancer Discov
January 2025
Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
The exponential growth of the cancer neuroscience field has shown that the host's immune, vascular, and nervous systems communicate with and influence each other in the tumor microenvironment, dictating the cancer malignant phenotype. Unraveling the nervous system's contributions toward this phenotype brings us closer to cancer cures. In this review, we summarize the peripheral nervous system's contributions to cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral Oncol
January 2025
ENT Department, Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Fano-Pesaro, Italy.
Background: Extracranial schwannomas, particularly those arising from the masticator space, are rare entities. Given the challenges in pre-operative diagnosis and the potential for misdiagnosis, accurate localization and differential diagnosis are crucial for optimal surgical planning.
Case Report: A 42-year-old woman underwent a head and neck MRI for unrelated reasons and was incidentally found to have a mass in the left masticator space.
Extracranial arteriovenous malformations (eAVMs) are complex vascular lesions characterized by anomalous arteriovenous connections, vascular instability, and disruptions in endothelial cell (EC)-to-mural cell (MC) interactions. This study sought to determine whether eAVM-MCs could induce endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), a process known to disrupt vascular integrity, in the eAVM microenvironment. eAVM and paired control tissues were analyzed using RT-PCR for EC (, , and ) and EndMT-specific markers (, , , /.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedicines
November 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Gregorio Marañón Universitary General Hospital, 28007 Madrid, Spain.
Unlabelled: Patients with severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) often experience an abnormal hemostasis that contributes to mortality and unfavorable neurological outcomes.
Objectives: We aimed to analyze epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory factors associated with mortality in patients with STBI during the first 48 h after in-hospital admission.
Methods: We performed an observational retrospective study of STBI patients with associated extracranial trauma [defined as Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥ 16 with an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) head and neck ≥ 3 and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤ 8] admitted to a Level II trauma center over seven years (2015-2021).
J Rhinol
November 2024
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Schwannomas are benign tumors that can develop in any part of a nerve containing Schwann cells. Skull base schwannomas are rare, representing approximately 4% of extracranial schwannomas. Among these, vidian nerve schwannomas are particularly uncommon, with only a few documented cases.
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