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Survivorship from congenital heart disease has improved rapidly secondary to advances in surgical and medical management. Because these patients are living longer, treatment and disease surveillance targets have shifted toward enhancing quality of life and functional status. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is a valuable tool for assessing functional capacity, evaluating cardiac and pulmonary pathology, and providing guidance on prognosis and interventional recommendations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBenign disorders of the mediastinum: a narrative review.
Mediastinum
September 2024
Divisions of Critical Care, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.
Background And Objective: There are several benign processes that affect the mediastinum with considerable morbidity that may range from reactive entities to neoplastic disorders. This review article will focus on non-neoplastic benign mediastinal diseases which include large vessel vasculitis such as Takayasu and giant cell arteritis, mediastinal granulomas, fibrosing mediastinitis and mediastinal infections. These diseases can cause significant morbidity and mortality; therefore, we aim to familiarize readers with the pathophysiology, epidemiology and diagnosis of these mediastinal diseases and provide an update on the treatment options available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExamining Lung Cancer Screening Uptake in the United States: Recent Research and Limitations of Public-Use Data.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
January 2025
Department of Health Services Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
Eligibility criteria for lung cancer screening (LCS) were updated by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services in 2022 following an updated recommendation from the United States Preventive Services Task Force. Recently, research has examined LCS use in the United States following this change, which centered on lowering the age to begin screening from 55 to 50 years and the smoking history threshold from 30 to 20 pack-years. These studies, including the accompanying article from Gudina and colleagues, have used the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System data, which are publicly available and nationally representative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimisation of the patient having oncological surgical through prehabilitation: a narrative review.
Anaesthesia
January 2025
Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
Introduction: Prehabilitation aims to improve physiological reserve and psychological resilience, enabling patients to better tolerate the physiological stress of major surgery, thereby reducing the risk of complications and improving surgical outcomes. In this review, we provide an update of the development of prehabilitation in patients having cancer surgery.
Methods: We searched databases of peer-reviewed research to identify appropriate papers.
Measurement properties of the sit-to-stand test in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis using the COSMIN guidelines.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Introduction: Characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can include shortness of breath, chronic cough, sputum production and reduced exercise capacity. The sit-to-stand (STS) test variations (e.g.
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