Cells use various actin-based motile structures to allow them to move across and through matrix of varying density and composition. Podosomes are actin cytoskeletal structures that form in motile cells and that mediate adhesion to substrate, migration, and other specialized functions such as transmigration through cell and matrix barriers. The podosome is a unique and interesting entity, which appears in the light microscope as an individual punctum, but is linked to other podosomes like a node on a network of the underlying cytoskeleton. Here, we discuss the signals that control podosome assembly and dynamics in different cell types and the actin organising proteins that regulate both the inner actin core and integrin-rich surrounding ring structures. We review the structure and composition of podosomes and also their functions in various cell types of both myeloid and endothelial lineage. We also discuss the emerging idea that podosomes can sense matrix stiffness and enable cells to respond to their environment.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.21119 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Fibronectin induces a transition from amoeboid to a fan morphology and modifies migration in Entamoeba histolytica.
PLoS Pathog
July 2024
Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, Biological Image Analysis Unit, Paris, France.
Cell migration modes can vary, depending on a number of environmental and intracellular factors. The high motility of the pathogenic amoeba Entamoeba histolytica is a decisive factor in its ability to cross the human colonic barrier. We used quantitative live imaging techniques to study the migration of this parasite on fibronectin, a key tissue component.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisease-related PSS1 mutant impedes the formation and function of osteoclasts.
J Lipid Res
November 2023
Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:
Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an acidic phospholipid that is involved in various cellular events. Heterologous dominant mutations have been identified in the gene encoding PS synthase 1 (PSS1) in patients with a congenital disease called Lenz-Majewski syndrome (LMS). Patients with LMS show various symptoms, including craniofacial/distal-limb bone dysplasia and progressive hyperostosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGet a grip: Podosomes as potential players in phagocytosis.
Eur J Cell Biol
December 2023
Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Podosomes have been known for several decades as micron-sized, F-actin-rich structures that play a pivotal role in cell migration and invasion, as they are able to mediate both cell-matrix attachment as well as extracellular matrix degradation. Particularly in monocytic cells, podosomes have been shown to fulfill a variety of additional functions such as sensing of substrate rigidity and topography, or cell-cell fusion. Increasing evidence now points to the involvement of podosome-like structures also during phagocytosis by immune cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall extracellular vesicles promote invadopodia activity in glioblastoma cells in a therapy-dependent manner.
Cell Oncol (Dordr)
August 2023
Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists are studying how some brain cancer cells (glioblastoma) become very invasive and resist treatment, like radiotherapy and the drug temozolomide.
- They think tiny parts of cells called small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) can help these cancer cells communicate and grow in a harmful way.
- The research shows that these vesicles can make the cancer cells more aggressive, especially after treatment, leading to a worse situation for patients.
The Actin Network Interfacing Diverse Integrin-Mediated Adhesions.
Biomolecules
February 2023
Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
The interface between the cellular actin network and diverse forms of integrin-mediated cell adhesions displays a unique capacity to serve as accurate chemical and mechanical sensors of the cell's microenvironment. Focal adhesion-like structures of diverse cell types, podosomes in osteoclasts, and invadopodia of invading cancer cells display distinct morphologies and apparent functions. Yet, all three share a similar composition and mode of coupling between a protrusive structure (the lamellipodium, the core actin bundle of the podosome, and the invadopodia protrusion, respectively), and a nearby adhesion site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!