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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2013-305456 | DOI Listing |
Cells
January 2025
Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
Neuromodulation stands as a cutting-edge approach in the fields of neuroscience and therapeutic intervention typically involving the regulation of neural activity through physical and chemical stimuli. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview and evaluation of different neuromodulation techniques, anticipating a clearer understanding of the future developmental trajectories and the challenges faced within the domain of neuromodulation that can be achieved. This review categorizes neuromodulation techniques into genetic neuromodulation methods (including optogenetics, chemogenetics, sonogenetics, and magnetogenetics) and non-genetic neuromodulation methods (including deep brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial ultrasound stimulation, photobiomodulation therapy, infrared neuromodulation, electromagnetic stimulation, sensory stimulation therapy, and multi-physical-factor stimulation techniques).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld Neurosurg
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Medicine Faculty of Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Türkiye. Electronic address:
Background: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a leading cause of spinal cord dysfunction in adults, often progressing silently. Static MRI is the standard imaging tool but may miss compression caused by neck movement. Dynamic MRI, by capturing flexion and extension views, provides a clearer picture of spinal cord compression, aiding surgical planning and improving outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinsonism Relat Disord
January 2025
Institute of Systems Motor Science, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Center of Rare Diseases, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: Functional neurological movement disorders are common and disabling. Little is known about their coexistence with other non-functional movement disorders and their impact on the general disease burden.
Objectives: Investigating frequency and characteristics of functional movement disorders in GCH1-positive dopa-responsive dystonia patients.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of General Psychology and Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Hierarchical generative models can produce data samples based on the statistical structure of their training distribution. This capability can be linked to current theories in computational neuroscience, which propose that spontaneous brain activity at rest is the manifestation of top-down dynamics of generative models detached from action-perception cycles. A popular class of hierarchical generative models is that of Deep Belief Networks (DBNs), which are energy-based deep learning architectures that can learn multiple levels of representations in a completely unsupervised way exploiting Hebbian-like learning mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrphanet J Rare Dis
January 2025
Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Background: Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS) is a rare, sporadic neurocutaneous disorder affecting the skin, brain, and eyes, due to somatic activating mutations in GNAQ or, less commonly, GNA11 gene. It is characterized by at least two of the following features: a facial capillary malformation, leptomeningeal vascular malformation, and ocular involvement. The spectrum of clinical manifestations includes headache, seizures, stroke-like events, intellectual disability, glaucoma, facial asymmetry, gingival hyperplasia, etc.
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