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Recent clinical and mechanistic insights into vitiligo offer new treatment options for cell-specific autoimmunity.
J Clin Invest
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease that has been recognized, stigmatized, and treated for millennia. Recent translational research has revealed key mechanisms of disease, including cellular stress, innate immune activation, T cell-mediated elimination of melanocytes from the skin resulting in clinically apparent white spots, as well as stem cell regeneration that reverses established lesions. Many of these pathways have been targeted therapeutically, leading to the first FDA-approved medication to reverse the disease, with many more in clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConcurrent management of vitiligo and acquired disorders of hyperpigmentation: a comprehensive literature review and current practice gaps.
Int J Dermatol
January 2025
Division of Photobiology and Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA.
Few studies discuss the co-management of vitiligo and acquired hyperpigmentation disorders (AHD) such as melasma, erythema dyschromicum perstans, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, drug-induced hyperpigmentation, and lichen planus pigmentosus. This review discusses clinical studies examining co-management strategies and identifies current practice gaps. Dermatology Life Quality Index scores are higher in individuals with vitiligo or melasma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSevere Symptomatic Anemia as a Rare Initial Manifestation of Type 3 Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome: A Case Report.
Cureus
December 2024
Division of Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde de Braga, Braga, PRT.
Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3 (APS-3) is an uncommon condition marked by autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) linked with other autoimmune issues, excluding Addison's disease. We report a case of a 41-year-old man who was hospitalized due to exhaustion and macrocytic anemia, later diagnosed with APS-3, which included Hashimoto's thyroiditis, pernicious anemia resulting from autoimmune gastritis, and pre-existing vitiligo. Diagnostic results indicated positive intrinsic factor antibodies, a gastric biopsy compatible with gastritis, elevated thyroid peroxidase antibodies, and significant findings from a thyroid ultrasound.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioinformatic analysis of ferroptosis related biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in vitiligo.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Suining Central Hospital, No. 127, Western Desheng Road, Suining, 629000, People's Republic of China.
Vitiligo is a complex autoimmune skin disorder characterized by depigmentation and immune dysregulation. To elucidate the role of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in vitiligo, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of gene expression data from the GSE53146 and GSE65127 datasets obtained from the GEO database. We identified 31 differentially expressed FRGs (DE-FRGs), with 21 genes upregulated and 10 downregulated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFractional CO laser combined with narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy versus NB-UVB monotherapy in vitiligo patients: prospective, self-controlled, and randomized trial.
Lasers Med Sci
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Vitiligo is a chronic depigmenting condition that causes amelanotic macules and patches on the skin. Despite various treatment options, treating vitiligo is a challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the combination of laser CO fractional and narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) versus NB-UVB monotherapy in vitiligo patients.
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