Symmetric electron-hole bilayer systems have been studied at zero temperature using the diffusion quantum Monte Carlo method. A flexible trial wave function is used that can describe fluid, excitonic, and biexcitonic phases. We calculate condensate fractions and pair correlation functions for a large number of densities r(s) and layer separations d. At small d we find a one-component fluid phase, an excitonic fluid phase, and a biexcitonic fluid phase, and the transitions among them appear to be continuous. At d=0, excitons appear to survive down to about r(s)=0.5 a.u., and biexcitons form at r(s)>2.5 a.u.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.216407 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.
Background: Differences in task-fMRI activation have recently been found to be related to neuropathological hallmarks of AD. However, the evolution of fMRI-based activation throughout AD disease progression and its relationship with other biomarkers remains elusive. Applying a disease progression model (DPM) to a multicentric cohort with up to four annual task-fMRI visits, we hope to provide a deeper insight into these relationships.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, http://adni.loni.usc.edu/, CA, USA.
Background: The emergence of blood-based biomarkers offers a cost-effective and less invasive alternative to established neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. Newly developed fluid biomarkers, including N-terminal tau fragment (NT1), have shown promise for identifying individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Evidence has shown NT1 may be more abundant than full-length tau across the AD continuum and has high sensitivity and specificity to separate cognitively normal (CN) individuals from those with mild cognitive impaired (MCI) and AD in discovery and replication cohorts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The gold standard Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis with amyloid PET or CSF sampling is costly and not widely available. There is growing interest in utilizing plasma biomarker tests to provide etiologic clarity in the earliest symptomatic phases. We report the uptake, and biomarker results in relation to clinical diagnosis, of a brain amyloid probability score (APS) with the Precivity AD™ test (C2N Diagnostics) offered to clinician-selected eligible patients during their clinical workup in a memory clinic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The earliest recognized biomarker of AD is deposition of Aβ amyloid that leads to formation of plaques and may, over time, trigger or at least be followed by gliosis/neuroinflammation and neurofibrillary tangles, accompanied by neurodegenerative changes including neuronal and synaptic loss. We have previously reported that semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D), the major ligand of plexin B receptors expressed on astrocytes, is upregulated in diseased neurons during progression of AD and Huntington's disease (HD). Binding of SEMA4D to PLXNB receptors triggers astrocyte reactivity, leading to loss of neuroprotective homeostatic functions, including downregulation of glutamate and glucose transporters (doi:10.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias can have long preclinical phases; thus, midlife intervention and prevention methods could prove efficacious. Multiple health-related lifestyle factors have been associated with risk for AD. However, research on lifestyle factors has focused on clinical outcomes such as cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment and/or AD dementia; their associations with potential early changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are less understood.
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