Nitric acid oxidation of D-mannose was carried out under an oxygen atmosphere using a computer controlled reactor. The process represents a catalytic oxidation of D-mannose with oxygen as the terminal oxidant. The crude oxidation product was esterified with methanolic HCl and the esterified product directly converted to crystalline N,N'-dimethyl-D-mannaramide with methylamine. Treatment of the diamide in aqueous sodium hydroxide gave solid disodium D-mannarate. The X-ray crystal structure of N,N'-dimethyl-D-mannaramide was determined as a model for the repeating D-mannaramide units of stereoregular poly(alkylene-D-mannaramides). Disodium D-mannarate was prepared as a precursor of esterified D-mannaric acid for use as a reactive diacid monomer to prepare poly-D-mannaramides.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2013.05.004 | DOI Listing |
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China. Electronic address:
Ganoderma lucidum spores are tiny mature germ cells ejected from the abaxial side of the pileus and were responsible for multiple pharmacological properties. The defatted G. lucidum spores are the byproducts after the extraction of G.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoods
December 2024
College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Prefabricated Seafood Processing and Quality Control, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ultrasonic treatment on the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of polysaccharides from samples (SPs) extracted with different solvents. The alkali-assisted extraction of polysaccharide (SPA), acid-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from (SPB), and hot water extraction of polysaccharides (SPCs) were perofrmed on . Ultrasonic treatment was performed with the SPA, SPB, and SPC in turn, and named USPA, USPB, and UPSC, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Sci Food Agric
December 2024
Department of Pharmacognosy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.
Background: Ginsenosides, the primary active ingredients in Panax ginseng, are secondary metabolites. However, their content varies significantly across batches due to differences in environmental conditions and production methods. Ecological stress can increase the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants, and ROS can enhance secondary metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlanta
December 2024
Microbial Technologies Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India.
Nutrient deficiency intensifies drought and salinity stress on rice growth. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens inoculation provides resilience through modulation in metabolic and gene regulation to enhance growth, nutrient uptake, and stress tolerance. Soil nutrient deficiencies amplify the detrimental effects of abiotic stresses, such as drought and salinity, creating substantial challenges for overall plant health and crop productivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
November 2024
Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China. Electronic address:
In the present study, a homogeneous polysaccharide (HVP-2) was isolated and purified from (Chinese mushroom) Volvariella volvacea. The structural characteristics and protective effect of HVP-2 were investigated. The results showed that HVP-2 was composed of mannose, glucose, galactose and arabinose in a molar ratio (mol%) of 59.
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