This research investigated infants' scanning of a talking, socially engaging face. Three- to four-month-olds looked equally at the mouth and eyes whereas 9-month-olds attended more to the eyes than mouth. These findings shed light on information infants' seek from dynamic face stimuli.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2013.05.001 | DOI Listing |
J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Odor perception plays a critical role in early human development, but the underlying neural mechanisms are not fully understood. To investigate these, we presented appetitive and aversive odors to infants of both sexes at one month of age while recording functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and nasal airflow data. Infants slept during odor presentation to allow MRI scanning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Childhood maltreatment (CM) is associated with the early onset of psychiatric and medical disorders and accelerated biological aging.
Objective: To identify types of maltreatment and developmental sensitive periods that are associated with accelerated adult brain aging.
Design: Participants were mothers of infants recruited from the community into a study assessing the effects of CM on maternal behavior, infant attachment, and maternal and infant neurobiology.
Ophthalmol Sci
November 2024
Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.
Purpose: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage is defined by the visual appearance of the vascular-avascular border, which reflects a spectrum of pathologic neurovascular tissue (NVT). Previous work demonstrated that the thickness of the ridge lesion, measured using OCT, corresponds to higher clinical diagnosis of stage. This study evaluates whether the volume of anomalous NVT (ANVTV), defined as abnormal tissue protruding from the regular contour of the retina, can be measured automatically using deep learning to develop quantitative OCT-based biomarkers in ROP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Background/objectives: While studies in rat pups suggest that early zinc exposure is critical for optimal brain structure and function, associations of prenatal zinc intake with measures of brain development in infants are unknown. This study aimed to assess the associations of maternal zinc intake during pregnancy with MRI measures of brain tissue microstructure and neurodevelopmental outcomes, as well as to determine whether MRI measures of the brain mediated the relationship between maternal zinc intake and neurodevelopmental indices.
Methods: Forty-one adolescent mothers were recruited for a longitudinal study during pregnancy.
Children (Basel)
January 2025
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
In recent years, significant advancements in respiratory and nutritional care have markedly improved the survival rates of preterm infants and enhanced long-term health outcomes. Despite these improvements, emerging research highlights the lasting impacts of early growth patterns on an individual's health trajectory. Adults born prematurely face a higher incidence of health issues related to their early birth.
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