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Calcif Tissue Int
January 2025
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
Autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 2 (ARHR2) is an uncommon hereditary form of rickets characterised by chronic renal phosphate loss and impaired bone mineralisation. This results from compound heterozygous or homozygous pathogenic variants in ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), a key producer of extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) and an inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor23 (FGF23). ENPP1 deficiency impacts FGF23 and increases its activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Mol Cell Biol
January 2025
Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China.
Background: Inactivation or mutations of FAM20C causes human Raine Syndrome, which manifests as lethal osteosclerosis bone dysplasia or non-lethal hypophosphatemia rickets. However, it is only hypophosphatemia rickets that was reported in the mice with Fam20c deletion or mutations. To further investigate the local and global impacts of Fam20c mutation, we constructed a knock-in allele carrying Fam20c mutation (D446N) found in the non-lethal Raine Syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Bone Miner Res
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
Duan X, et al, report that CYP4A22 loss-of-function causes a new form of vitamin D-dependent rickets. Here we describe the basis for our rejection of their proposal and provide evidence that the CYP4A22 variant that they have identified (c.901del, p.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pediatr
December 2024
The Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Background: X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) is associated with uninhibited FGF23 activity, which leads to phosphaturia, hypophosphatemia and depressed active vitamin D (1,25OH2D) levels. Conventional treatment with phosphate supplements and vitamin D analogs may lead to hypercalciuria (HC), nephrocalcinosis (NC) and hyperparathyroidism. We investigated the effects of burosumab treatment, an anti-FGF23 monoclonal antibody recently approved for XLH, on these complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJBMR Plus
January 2025
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH), the most common form of hereditary rickets, is characterized by renal phosphate wasting and abnormal vitamin D metabolism due to elevated circulating levels of the phosphatonin fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). Dominant inactivating variants of the phosphate regulating endopeptidase homolog, X-linked (), gene are present in patients with XLH, and more than half of affected patients carry de novo variants. We report on 3 families in whom affected members had highly unusual pathogenic variants.
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