A study was made of the establishment of biocenosis in the early neonatal period in healthy full-term neonates born to healthy mothers and in children belonging to a group at risk with an aggravated anamnesis but with no history of pyoinflammatory diseases. The study was related to bacterial colonization of the mother, amniotic fluid and placenta as well as to the immune status of the lying in woman and fetus. In 37% of children belonging to the group at risk, the minimal signs of intrauterine infection were discovered.

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