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Update on the evolving landscape of pneumococcal capsule types: new discoveries and way forward.
Clin Microbiol Rev
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary/Allergy/Critical Care, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
SUMMARY (the "pneumococcus") is a significant human pathogen. The key determinant of pneumococcal fitness and virulence is its ability to produce a protective polysaccharide (PS) capsule, and anti-capsule antibodies mediate serotype-specific opsonophagocytic killing of bacteria. Notably, immunization with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) has effectively reduced the burden of disease caused by serotypes included in vaccines but has also spurred a relative upsurge in the prevalence of non-vaccine serotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSomatic mutations and DNA methylation identify a subgroup of poor prognosis within lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes.
Hemasphere
January 2025
Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris.Centre, Laboratory of Hematology, Hôpital Cochin Paris France.
Lower risk (LR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous hematopoietic stem and progenitor disorders caused by the accumulation of somatic mutations in various genes including epigenetic regulators that may produce convergent DNA methylation patterns driving specific gene expression profiles. The integration of genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic profiling has the potential to spotlight distinct LR-MDS categories on the basis of pathophysiological mechanisms. We performed a comprehensive study of somatic mutations and DNA methylation in a large and clinically well-annotated cohort of treatment-naive patients with LR-MDS at diagnosis from the EUMDS registry (ClinicalTrials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo Decades Since the Unequal Treatment Report: The State of Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities in Elective Total Hip and Knee Replacement Use.
J Bone Joint Surg Am
November 2024
Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Published in 2003 by the Institute of Medicine, Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care placed an unprecedented spotlight on disparities in the U.S. health-care system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwenty Years of Neuroinformatics: A Bibliometric Analysis.
Neuroinformatics
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA.
This study presents a thorough bibliometric analysis of Neuroinformatics over the past 20 years, offering insights into the journal's evolution at the intersection of neuroscience and computational science. Using advanced tools such as VOS viewer and methodologies like co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, and keyword co-occurrence, we examine trends in publication, citation patterns, and the journal's influence. Our analysis reveals enduring research themes like neuroimaging, data sharing, machine learning, and functional connectivity, which form the core of Neuroinformatics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNext year will mark the 100th anniversary of the Scopes trial, a 1925 court case in the US state of Tennessee on the teaching of evolution in public schools. John Scopes was tried for violating the Butler Act, a state rule that declared unlawful any teaching that denied the creation of man according to the Bible. The highly publicized event put an intense spotlight on William Jennings Bryan, a populist presidential candidate and religious fundamentalist who was counsel for the government, and on Clarence Darrow, a liberal agnostic and social justice advocate who defended Scopes.
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