[Single center experience of (18F)-fluorocholine positron emission tomography: analysis of its impact on salvage local therapy in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma].

Purpose: To assess usefulness of ((18)F)-fluorocholine positron emission tomography (PET) for localizing relapse in patients with biochemical relapse from prostate adenocarcinoma and its impact on indications of salvage local therapy.

Patients And Methods: An ((18)F)-fluorocholine PET coupled with computed tomography was performed in 28 patients with biochemical progression from prostate adenocarcinoma. At the time of ((18)F)-fluorocholine PET, median prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 3.0 ng/mL (from 0.34 to 93 ng/mL) and 17 patients (60.7%) received hormone therapy. Eighteen patients from this cohort were potentially candidates to salvage radiotherapy.

Results: A pathologic uptake was shown in 11 patients (39.3%) and 17 patients (60.7%) had no pathologic uptake. Median PSA was 2.4 ng/mL (0.33 to 36 ng/mL) in case of negative ((18)F)-fluorocholine PET, versus 6.75 ng/mL (1.21 to 93 ng/mL) in case of pathologic uptake (P=0.04). Among the 17 patients candidates to salvage radiotherapy, ((18)F)-fluorocholine PET helped deciding for salvage radiotherapy in five patients, since it showed only centropelvic pathologic uptake (27.7%). In one patient, it showed metastatic and radiotherapy was contraindicated. After prostatectomy, ((18)F)-fluorocholine PET was positive in only one patient candidate to salvage radiotherapy (9.1%), showing anastomotic relapse.

Conclusion: ((18)F)-fluorocholine was positive in about a third of patients with biochemical progression. Its clinical impact is being prospectively investigated.