Brewing beer involves microbial activity at every stage, from raw material production and malting to stability in the package. Most of these activities are desirable, as beer is the result of a traditional food fermentation, but others represent threats to the quality of the final product and must be controlled actively through careful management, the daily task of maltsters and brewers globally. This review collates current knowledge relevant to the biology of brewing yeast, fermentation management, and the microbial ecology of beer and brewing.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00060-12 | DOI Listing |
Plants (Basel)
January 2025
College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
Melatonin (MT) is a crucial hormone that controls and positively regulates plant growth under abiotic stress, but the biochemical and physiological processes of the combination of melatonin seed initiation and exogenous spray treatments and their effects on maize germination and seedling salt tolerance are not well understood. Consequently, in this research, we utilized the maize cultivars Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) and Demeiya 1 (DMY1), which are extensively marketed in northeastern China's high-latitude cold regions, to reveal the modulating effects of melatonin on maize salinity tolerance by determining the impacts of varying concentrations of melatonin on maize seedling growth characteristics, osmoregulation, antioxidant systems, and gene expression. The findings revealed that salt stress (100 mM NaCl) significantly inhibited maize seed germination and seedling development, which resulted in significant increases in the HO and O content and decreases in the antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic pigment content in maize seedlings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China.
Soil salinization poses a significant challenge to global agriculture, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions like Xinjiang. , a halophytic plant adapted to saline-alkaline conditions, harbors endophytic microorganisms with potential plant growth-promoting properties. In this study, 177 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from , and 11 key strains were identified through functional screening based on salt tolerance, nutrient solubilization, and growth-promoting traits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
Halotolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria (HT-PGPB) have attracted considerable attention for their significant potential in mitigating salt stress in crops. However, the current exploration and development of HT-PGPB remain insufficient to meet the increasing demands of agriculture. In this study, an HT-PGPB isolated from coastal saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta was identified as J2-5-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
artment of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA.
Medicinal hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is gaining popularity due to its natural products with potential therapeutic properties, and its cultivation has recently been initiated in developing countries such as Turkey, Iran, India, and Pakistan. The crop is primarily grown using feminized seeds or popular varieties to achieve higher cannabidiol (CBD) yields, with seeds costing approximately $5-10 each.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol Biochem
January 2025
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Melatonin (Mel) is a tryptophan-derived (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) molecule. In the present study, role of Mel in the regulation of various anaplerotic enzymes is discussed in relation to N metabolism and H-ATPase activity in mung bean under Cd stress. The application of Mel to the Cd-stressed mung bean seedlings was remarkable in improving the activity of hexokinase (35.
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