AI Article Synopsis
- Multi-specific proteins are crucial for cell survival and adaptability, as they facilitate complex protein-protein interactions and enzymatic activities across various substrates.
- Investigating their functions is challenging because deleting them disrupts extensive interaction networks, making it hard to pinpoint specific contributions to biological processes.
- Protein engineering techniques, like directed evolution and computational design, can create mutants of these proteins, allowing researchers to analyze their roles more clearly in lab settings and understand their evolutionary significance.
Article Abstract
Multi-specific proteins located at the heart of complex protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks play essential roles in the survival and fitness of the cell. In addition, multi-specific or promiscuous enzymes exhibit activity toward a wide range of substrates so as to increase cell evolvability and robustness. However, despite their high importance, investigating the in vivo function of these proteins is difficult, due to their complex nature. Typically, deletion of these proteins leads to the abolishment of large PPI networks, highlighting the difficulty in examining the contributions of specific interactions/activities to complex biological processes and cell phenotypes. Protein engineering approaches, including directed evolution and computational protein design, allow for the generation of multi-specific proteins in which certain activities remain intact while others are abolished. The generation and examination of these mutants both in vitro and in vivo can provide high-resolution analysis of biological processes and cell phenotypes and provide new insight into the evolution and molecular function of this important protein family.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2013.04.052 | DOI Listing |
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