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Behavioural modernity is dead: Long live behavioural modernity.
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Anthropology Department, University of Connecticut, Deep History Lab, Storrs, CT, USA.
Using Neanderthal symbolism, I extend on Stibbard-Hawkes to show that reconsidering the link between cognitive capacity and material culture extends beyond matters of preservation. A reconceptualization of behavioural modernity inclusive of both extant and extinct populations must begin with an honest theoretical separation of biological and behavioural modernity, which requires to critically engage with how we frame the underlying questions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTracing the Evolution of Human Immunity Through Ancient DNA.
Annu Rev Immunol
December 2024
1Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 2000, Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Paris, France; email:
Infections have imposed strong selection pressures throughout human evolution, making the study of natural selection's effects on immunity genes highly complementary to disease-focused research. This review discusses how ancient DNA studies, which have revolutionized evolutionary genetics, increase our understanding of the evolution of human immunity. These studies have shown that interbreeding between modern humans and Neanderthals or Denisovans has influenced present-day immune responses, particularly to viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModern humans arrived in Europe more than 45,000 years ago, overlapping at least 5,000 years with Neanderthals. Limited genomic data from these early modern humans have shown that at least two genetically distinct groups inhabited Europe, represented by Zlatý kůň, Czechia and Bacho Kiro, Bulgaria. Here we deepen our understanding of early modern humans by analyzing one high-coverage genome and five low-coverage genomes from ~45,000 year-old remains from Ilsenhöhle in Ranis, Germany, and a further high-coverage genome from Zlatý kůň.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMiddle Pleistocene teeth from Arbreda Cave (Serinyà, northeastern Iberian Peninsula).
Am J Biol Anthropol
December 2024
Facultat de Lletres, Institut de Recerca Històrica, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
Objectives: We report the discovery and description of three human teeth from the Middle Paleolithic archaeological levels of Arbreda Cave (Serinyà, Catalonia, NE Iberian Peninsula).
Materials And Methods: The teeth, two molars (one right dm and one right M) from Level N (older than 120 kyr) and one P from Level J (dated between 71 and 44 kyr), were morphologically described based on microCT images and compared with Neanderthal and Homo sapiens specimens.
Results: The teeth belong to a minimum of three individuals: one adult and one infant from Level N and one juvenile from Level J.
: a comprehensive review.
J Oral Microbiol
November 2024
Aix-Marseille Université, Microbes Evolution, Phylogénie et Infection (MEPHI), Marseille, France.
Article Synopsis
- The methanogenic archaea have been part of human oral microbiota since the Palaeolithic era and became more prevalent from the 18th century onward.
- Initial isolation of this organism was achieved from dental plaque of healthy individuals, leading to studies focused on improving its laboratory culture methods.
- Current identification techniques, including a specialized RTQ-PCR system, along with next-generation sequencing, have revealed its presence in various oral and extra-oral sites, highlighting its potential role in health and disease.
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