Background: Inclusion of diverse groups of participants in cancer clinical trials is an important methodological and clinical issue. The quality of the science and generalizability of results depends on the inclusion of study participants who represent all populations among whom these treatment and prevention approaches will be used.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review using OVID as the primary source of reports included. Based on 304 peer-reviewed publications, diversity in the inclusion and reporting of study participants during a decade of cancer treatment and prevention trials (2001-2010) is summarized. Recommendations are made for improvements in the science and reporting of cancer clinical trials.
Results: Of the 277 treatment trials and 27 prevention trials included in this report, more than 80% of participants were white and 59.8% were male. In the recent decade, race and sex are rarely used as selection criteria unless the trial is focused on a sex-specific cancer.
Conclusions: Women and racial/ethnic minorities remain severely underrepresented in cancer clinical trials, thus limiting the generalizability of cancer clinical research.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.28168 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Genomic sequencing in diverse and underserved pediatric populations: parent perspectives on understanding, uncertainty, psychosocial impact, and personal utility of results.
Genet Med
January 2025
Genomics Ethics, and Translational Research Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC; Department of Translational and Applied Genomics, Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR. Electronic address:
Purpose: Limited evidence evaluates parents' perceptions of their child's clinical genomic sequencing (GS) results, particularly among individuals from medically underserved groups. Five Clinical Sequencing Evidence-Generating Research (CSER) consortium studies performed GS in children with suspected genetic conditions with high proportions of individuals from underserved groups to address this evidence gap.
Methods: Parents completed surveys of perceived understanding, personal utility, and test-related distress after GS result disclosure.
Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway by Manganese-Based Nanoparticles Combined with Platinum-Based Nanoparticles for Enhanced Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy.
ACS Nano
January 2025
Department of Gynecology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P. R. China.
Recent research has demonstrated that activating the cGAS-STING pathway can enhance interferon production and the activation of T cells. A manganese complex, called TPA-Mn, was developed in this context. The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive nanoparticles (NPMn) loaded with TPA-Mn are developed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCirculating Tumor HPV-DNA in the Management of HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.
Head Neck
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Irvine, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, California, USA.
Purpose: Blood-borne, cell-free DNA has been proposed as a means of individualizing the management of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma.
Methods And Materials: This study was designed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. A comprehensive literature search of peer-reviewed publications from January 2013 to January 2024 was undertaken to identify prospective studies pertaining to the use of circulating HPV-DNA for oropharyngeal carcinoma.
Pelvic Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer Patients With Synchronous Potentially Treatable Liver Metastases.
Cancer Rep (Hoboken)
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Background: The optimal management strategy for Stage IV rectal cancer with potentially treatable liver metastases remains controversial, particularly regarding the role of pelvic radiotherapy (RT).
Aims: We intend to investigate the impact of pelvic RT on oncological outcomes of rectal cancer with potentially treatable liver metastasis.
Methods And Results: This retrospective study included 83 patients diagnosed with rectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases from June 2012 to January 2022.
NEDD4-Mediated GSNOR Degradation Aggravates Cardiac Hypertrophy and Dysfunction.
Circ Res
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Translational Medicine for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (X.T., X.L., X.S., Y. Zhang, Y. Zu, Q.F., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.).
Background: The decrease in S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) leads to an elevation of S-nitrosylation, thereby exacerbating the progression of cardiomyopathy in response to hemodynamic stress. However, the mechanisms under GSNOR decrease remain unclear. Here, we identify NEDD4 (neuronal precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated 4) as a novel molecule that plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy, by modulating GSNOR levels, thereby demonstrating significant therapeutic potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!