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Unlabelled: Biological diversity is declining across the tree of life, including among prokaryotes. With the increasing awareness of host-associated microbes as potential regulators of eukaryotic host physiology, behavior, and ecology, it is important to understand the implications of declining diversity within host microbiomes on host fitness, ecology, and ecosystem function. We used phytoplankton and their associated environmental microbiomes as model systems to test the independent and interactive effects of declining microbiome diversity with and without other stressors often caused by human activity-elevated temperature and altered nutrient availability.

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Interactions between gut microbes and host promote degradation of various fiber components in Meishan pigs.

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Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Swine Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.

Unlabelled: Although metagenomic investigations into microbial fiber-degrading capabilities are currently prevalent, there is a notable gap in research concerning the regulatory mechanisms underpinning host-microbiota interactions that confer tolerance to high-fiber diets in pigs. In this study, 28 Meishan (MS) and 28 Large White (LW) pigs were subjected to feeding experiments involving various fiber levels. Subsequently, multi-omics was employed to investigate the influence of host-microbiota interactions on the fiber degradation of pigs.

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Unlabelled: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy in the oral-maxillofacial region with a poor prognosis. Oral microbiomes play a potential role in the pathogenesis of this disease. However, findings from individual studies have been inconsistent, and a comprehensive understanding of OSCC-associated microbiome dysbiosis remains elusive.

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Dengue Virus Replicative-Form dsRNA Is Recognized by Both RIG-I and MDA5 to Activate Innate Immunity.

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CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

RIG-I like receptors (RLRs) are a family of cytosolic RNA sensors that sense RNA virus infection to activate innate immune response. It is generally believed that different RNA viruses are recognized by either RIG-I or MDA5, two important RLR members, depending on the nature of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are generated by RNA virus replication. Dengue virus (DENV) is an important RNA virus causing serious human diseases.

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Suppression of TGA2-Mediated Salicylic Acid Defence by Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus C2 via Disruption of TCP7-Like Transcription Factor Activity in Tobacco.

Plant Cell Environ

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State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green Plant Protection, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a significant threat to tomato cultivation globally, transmitted exclusively by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. While previous research suggests that the TYLCV C2 protein plays a role in fostering mutualistic interactions between the virus and its insect vectors, the specific mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we show that the C2 protein interferes with the salicylic acid (SA) defence pathway by disrupting TCP7-like transcription factor-mediated regulation of TGA2 expression.

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