An investigation of the intramolecular cyclopropanation reactions of α-diazo-β-ketonitriles is reported. These studies reveal that α-diazo-β-ketonitriles exhibit unique reactivity in their ability to undergo arene cyclopropanation reactions; other similar acceptor-acceptor-substituted diazo substrates instead produce mixtures of C-H insertion and dimerization products. α-Diazo-β-ketonitriles also undergo highly efficient intramolecular cyclopropanation of tri- and tetrasubstituted alkenes. In addition, the α-cyano-α-ketocyclopropane products are demonstrated to serve as substrates for SN2, SN2', and aldehyde cycloaddition reactions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja401610p | DOI Listing |
J Am Chem Soc
November 2024
Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Particle Materials, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
Cyclopropane-based high-energy fuels possess high intramolecular energy and density, and their precise synthesis is a critical challenge. However, owing to the highest strain in the cyclopropane structure (compared to other four- or five-membered rings, etc.), metal-carbene intermediates form with difficulty, resulting in poor catalytic selectivity for its synthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
November 2024
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.
Despite the utility of copper catalysts for the insertion of carbene moieties into C-H bonds, the copper carbene intermediate often invoked in these transformations has not been isolated. Herein, we describe the synthesis and structural characterization of a series of copper benzylidenes utilizing the sterically encumbered dipyrrin ligand (L)H. These isolated copper carbenes demonstrate intramolecular insertion into the primary C(sp)-H bond of the ligand (L)H and intermolecular insertion into ethereal and allylic C-H bonds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
October 2024
Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z1.
We report a synthesis of bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes via an intramolecular formal (3+2) cycloaddition of allylated cyclopropanes bearing a 4-nitrobenzimine substituent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
October 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.
Carbenes and carbenoids are commonly employed for the synthesis of cyclopropane-containing compounds. Here we report the metal-free, intramolecular cyclopropanation of tethered alkenes by free carbenes derived from alkynes to construct structurally unique multicyclic cyclopropanes with perfect atom economy. The nature of the tether influences both the rate of carbene formation and subsequent competing reaction events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
October 2024
School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India.
The treatment of arylaminomethyl-substituted donor-acceptor cyclopropanes with a catalytic amount of Yb(OTf) provides expedient access to tetrahydroquinoline derivatives. The transformation proceeds through an intramolecular S2-type attack of the aminomethyl-containing aryl ring on the cyclopropane ring, leading to the formation of the products as single diastereomers.
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