AI Article Synopsis
- This study examined how sodium intake affects blood pressure in low-income children aged 3-4 years in Brazil, involving 500 mother-child pairs and analyzing various health metrics.
- Over 5% of the children had high systolic blood pressure, with those consuming more than 1,200 mg of sodium daily and having a high waist-to-height ratio at greater risk.
- Findings suggest that high sodium intake and waist-to-height ratio are significant risk factors for elevated blood pressure in preschoolers, while factors like breastfeeding and weight change in the first year show no correlation.
Article Abstract
Unlabelled: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary sodium intake on blood pressure among low income children aged 3-4 years. Data were collected during a randomized trial conducted in São Leopoldo, Brazil, with 500 mother-child pairs recruited from the maternity ward of a local hospital. Breastfeeding data were obtained during the children's first year of life. At 3 to 4 years of age, children's anthropometric, dietary, and blood pressure assessments were obtained. Sodium intake was estimated from two multiple-pass 24-h dietary recalls. Systolic blood pressure > 90th percentile for age, sex, and height was classified as high systolic blood pressure, according to the population-based percentiles provided by the Task Force on Hypertension Control in Children and Adolescents. Blood pressure data were obtained from 331 children at 3 to 4 years. The mean value of systolic blood pressure was 91.31 mmHg (SD = 8.30 mmHg) and 5.2% (n = 17) presented high systolic blood pressure. The results of the multivariable analyses showed that children who consumed more than 1,200 mg of sodium/day and with waist-to-height ratio higher than 0.5 presented, respectively, 3.32 (95%CI 0.98-11.22) and 8.81 (95%CI 2.13-36.31) greater risk of having high systolic blood pressure. Exclusive breastfeeding, child overweight and change in body mass index z score during the first year of life were not associated with the outcome.
Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that at preschool age sodium intake and high waist-to-height ratio are risk factors for high systolic blood pressure.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-013-2012-9 | DOI Listing |
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